The grateful elephant, Opening, part 7, sentence 32
At the first signs of dawn, the hunter took his knife and started to leave the house.
Who acts: hunter · What happens: take, start, leave, sign · To what, where: knife, first signs, house, dawn
This is a sentence of «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 4 signs | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 signs | det |
| 3 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 signs | amod |
| 4 | signs | sign | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 took | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 dawn | case |
| 6 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 signs | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 signs | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 hunter | det |
| 9 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 took | nsubj |
| 10 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 knife | nmod:poss |
| 12 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 took | obj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 started | cc |
| 14 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 took | conj |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 leave | mark |
| 16 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 started | xcomp |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 house | det |
| 18 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 leave | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | the hunter | Hunter's knife | the first signs of dawn | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent knife=Theme at sign=Asset | |||
| 2 | start | past | the hunter not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | leave | to-infinitive | the hunter not said here | the house | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent house=Theme | ||||
| 4 | sign | dawn | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The grateful elephant» by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Project Gutenberg book 74064 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74064/7/32/