Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 10, sentence 44
Bloody battles have been fought for the possession of this district, whose dense forests and impassable valleys afforded not only defence, but the pleasures of the chase.
Who acts: impassable valleys · What happens: fight, afford, possess, please · To what, where: Bloody battles, defence, district, chase
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (impassable valleys), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bloody | bloody | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 battles | amod |
| 2 | battles | battle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 fought | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fought | aux |
| 4 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 fought | aux:pass |
| 5 | fought | fight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 possession | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 possession | det |
| 8 | possession | possession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 fought | obl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 district | case |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 district | det |
| 11 | district | district | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 possession | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 forests | punct |
| 13 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 15 forests | nmod:poss |
| 14 | dense | dense | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 forests | amod |
| 15 | forests | forest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 district | appos |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 valleys | cc |
| 17 | impassable | impassable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 valleys | amod |
| 18 | valleys | valley | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 forests | conj |
| 19 | afforded | afford | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 valleys | acl |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 defence | advmod |
| 21 | only | only | ADV | _ | 22 defence | advmod |
| 22 | defence | defence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 afforded | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 pleasures | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 pleasures | cc |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 pleasures | det |
| 26 | pleasures | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 fought | conj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 chase | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 chase | det |
| 29 | chase | chase | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 pleasures | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 fought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | present · perfect · passive | Bloody battles | for the possession of this district; the pleasures of the chase conj | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent | ||||
| 2 | afford | participle | impassable valleys not said here | defence | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | possess | this district | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 4 | please | the chase | nom pleasure «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/11/44/