Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 11, sentence 23
Deepest despair seized Ralf's spirit; he knew now what he had done, and what had become of Ilse through her betrayed secret, a clear pure stream doomed for ever to ripple and murmur through the mountains.
Who acts: Deepest despair, despair · What happens: seize, know, do, become, betray, doom · To what, where: spirit, betrayed secret, clear pure stream, mountains · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Deepest despair, despair), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deepest | deep | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 despair | amod |
| 2 | despair | despair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 seized | nsubj |
| 3 | seized | seize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Ralf | Ralf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 spirit | nmod:poss |
| 5 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 4 Ralf | case |
| 6 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 seized | obj |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 9 knew | punct |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 knew | nsubj |
| 9 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 seized | conj |
| 10 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 9 knew | advmod |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 14 done | obj |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 done | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 done | aux |
| 14 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 knew | ccomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 become | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 become | cc |
| 17 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 19 become | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 become | aux |
| 19 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 seized | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 Ilse | case |
| 21 | Ilse | Ilse | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 become | obl |
| 22 | through | through | ADP | _ | 25 secret | case |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 secret | nmod:poss |
| 24 | betrayed | betray | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 secret | amod |
| 25 | secret | secret | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 become | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 stream | punct |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 stream | det |
| 28 | clear | clear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 stream | amod |
| 29 | pure | pure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 stream | amod |
| 30 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 secret | nmod |
| 31 | doomed | doom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 stream | acl |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 ever | case |
| 33 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 31 doomed | obl |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 ripple | mark |
| 35 | ripple | ripple | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 doomed | advcl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 murmur | cc |
| 37 | murmur | murmur | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 ripple | conj |
| 38 | through | through | ADP | _ | 40 mountains | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 mountains | det |
| 40 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 murmur | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 seized | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seize | past | Deepest despair | Ralf's spirit | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Theme | ||||
| 2 | know | past | despair | now | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | do | past · perfect | despair | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | become | past · perfect | Ilse's betrayed secret a clear pure stream | of Ilse; what nsubj | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | betray | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | doom | participle | a clear pure stream not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | ripple | to-infinitive | vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | murmur speech: other | infinitive | the mountains | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through mountain=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/12/23/