Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 13, sentence 44
Suddenly he resolved to carry off one of them, and when they had danced themselves weary and had thrown themselves down on the grass to rest, he rushed out of the wood, and, like a vulture, swooped down upon his prey.
Who acts: Arno, array, vulture · What happens: resolve, carry off, dance, throw down, rest, rush out · To what, where: one, array, grass, wood
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arno, array, vulture), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 3 resolved | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 resolved | nsubj |
| 3 | resolved | resolve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 carry | mark |
| 5 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 resolved | xcomp |
| 6 | off | off | ADP | _ | 5 carry | compound:prt |
| 7 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 carry | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 them | case |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 one | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 danced | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 danced | cc |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 15 danced | advmod |
| 13 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 danced | nsubj |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 danced | aux |
| 15 | danced | dance | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 resolved | conj |
| 16 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 15 danced | obj |
| 17 | weary | weary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 danced | xcomp |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 thrown | cc |
| 19 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 thrown | aux |
| 20 | thrown | throw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 danced | conj |
| 21 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 20 thrown | obj |
| 22 | down | down | ADP | _ | 20 thrown | compound:prt |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 grass | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 grass | det |
| 25 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 thrown | obl |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 rest | mark |
| 27 | rest | rest | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 thrown | advcl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 rushed | punct |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 rushed | nsubj |
| 30 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 resolved | conj |
| 31 | out | out | ADP | _ | 34 wood | case |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 wood | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 wood | det |
| 34 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 rushed | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 swooped | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 swooped | cc |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 vulture | punct |
| 38 | like | like | ADP | _ | 40 vulture | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 vulture | det |
| 40 | vulture | vulture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 swooped | nsubj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 vulture | punct |
| 42 | swooped | swoop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 resolved | conj |
| 43 | down | down | ADV | _ | 42 swooped | advmod |
| 44 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 46 prey | case |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 prey | nmod:poss |
| 46 | prey | prey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 swooped | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 resolved | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | resolve | past | Arno | suddenly property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | carry off | to-infinitive | Arno not said here | one of array | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | ||||
| 3 | dance | past · perfect | array | array | weary property | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location themselves=Theme | |||
| 4 | throw down | past · perfect | array not said here | array | the grass | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme on grass=Destination | |||
| 5 | rest | to-infinitive | array not said here | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | rush out | past | Arno | the wood | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wood=Trajectory | ||||
| 7 | swoop down | past | a vulture | upon Arno's prey; down property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/14/44/