Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 13, sentence 45
But, to his astonishment, the maiden, instead of resisting, held him fast, and the others drew forth daggers and attacked and killed his retainers.
Who acts: astonishment, others, Arno · What happens: resist, hold, draw, attack, kill, astonish · To what, where: Arno, daggers, retainers
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (astonishment, others, Arno), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 held | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 astonishment | punct |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 astonishment | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 astonishment | nmod:poss |
| 5 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 held | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 maiden | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 maiden | det |
| 8 | maiden | maiden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 astonishment | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 resisting | punct |
| 10 | instead | instead | ADV | ExtPos=SCONJ | 12 resisting | mark |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 instead | fixed |
| 12 | resisting | resist | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 maiden | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 astonishment | punct |
| 14 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 held | obj |
| 16 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 held | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 drew | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 drew | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 others | det |
| 20 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 drew | nsubj |
| 21 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 held | parataxis |
| 22 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 23 daggers | advmod |
| 23 | daggers | dagger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 drew | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 attacked | cc |
| 25 | attacked | attack | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 drew | conj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 killed | cc |
| 27 | killed | kill | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 attacked | conj |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 retainers | nmod:poss |
| 29 | retainers | retainer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 killed | obj |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | resist | gerund | Arno's astonishment not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | hold | past | Arno's astonishment | Arno | fast property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 3 | draw | past | the others | daggers | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dagger=Theme | ||||
| 4 | attack | past | the others not said here | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | kill | past | the others not said here | Arno's retainers | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent retainer=Theme | ||||
| 6 | astonish | Arno | nom astonishment «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/14/45/