Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 16, sentence 44
"Can there be a cave here," thought Ernst, "which has such a wonderful echo?" and turned over a moss-grown stone with his foot.
Who acts: Ernst · What happens: be, think, have, turn over, grow · To what, where: cave, wonderful echo, grown stone · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ernst), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 cave | punct |
| 2 | Can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 be | aux |
| 3 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 4 be | expl |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 cave | cop |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 cave | det |
| 6 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 thought | obl |
| 7 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 cave | advmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 cave | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 thought | punct |
| 10 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | Ernst | Ernst | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 thought | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 has | punct |
| 13 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 has | punct |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 has | nsubj |
| 15 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 thought | parataxis |
| 16 | such | such | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 echo | det:predet |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 echo | det |
| 18 | wonderful | wonderful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 echo | amod |
| 19 | echo | echo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 has | obj |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 15 has | punct |
| 21 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 has | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 turned | cc |
| 23 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 thought | conj |
| 24 | over | over | ADP | _ | 23 turned | compound:prt |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 stone | det |
| 26 | moss | moss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 grown | compound |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 moss | punct |
| 28 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 stone | amod |
| 29 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turned | obj |
| 30 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 foot | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 foot | nmod:poss |
| 32 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 turned | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | infinitive | a cave | here | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | past | Ernst | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | such wonderful echo | which nsubj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echo=Patient | ||||
| 4 | turn over | past | Ernst not said here | a grown stone | with Ernst's foot | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent stone=Theme | |||
| 5 | grow | participle | moss compound | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/17/44/