Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 16, sentence 45
Who shall describe his astonishment as he saw a white shimmering stone before him, which extended so deep as he removed the moss?
Who acts: Ernst · What happens: describe, see, extend, remove, astonish · To what, where: astonishment, white shimmering stone, moss
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ernst), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 3 describe | nsubj |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 describe | aux |
| 3 | describe | describe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 astonishment | nmod:poss |
| 5 | astonishment | astonishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 describe | obj |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 8 saw | mark |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 describe | advcl |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 stone | det |
| 10 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 stone | amod |
| 11 | shimmering | shimmering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 stone | compound |
| 12 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 13 | before | before | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 saw | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 extended | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 extended | nsubj |
| 17 | extended | extend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 saw | conj |
| 18 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 deep | advmod |
| 19 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 extended | xcomp |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 22 removed | mark |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 removed | nsubj |
| 22 | removed | remove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 deep | advcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 moss | det |
| 24 | moss | moss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 removed | obj |
| 25 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 describe | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | describe | shall | Ernst's astonishment | Who nsubj | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent astonishment=Theme | ||||
| 2 | see | past | Ernst | a white shimmering stone | before thrush | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stone=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | extend | past | which nsubj; deep property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | remove | past | Ernst | the moss | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moss=Theme | ||||
| 5 | astonish | Ernst | nom astonishment «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/17/45/