Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 1, sentence 8
As Duke of Saxony he is said to have lived here with his Duchess, in this hunting-seat, when he was chosen Kaiser of the holy Roman Empire in 920; several other places, however, claim the honour.
Who acts: several other places · What happens: say, live, choose, claim · To what, where: Many, hunting seat, 920, honour · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (several other places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 Duke | case |
| 2 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | obl |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Saxony | case |
| 4 | Saxony | Saxony | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Duke | nmod |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | aux:pass |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 lived | mark |
| 9 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 lived | aux |
| 10 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 said | xcomp |
| 11 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 lived | advmod |
| 12 | with | with | ADP | _ | 14 Duchess | case |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 Duchess | nmod:poss |
| 14 | Duchess | Duchess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 lived | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 seat | punct |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 seat | case |
| 17 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 seat | det |
| 18 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 seat | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 hunting | punct |
| 20 | seat | seat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lived | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 chosen | punct |
| 22 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 chosen | advmod |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 chosen | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 chosen | aux:pass |
| 25 | chosen | choose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 said | conj |
| 26 | Kaiser | Kaiser | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 chosen | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 Empire | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Empire | det |
| 29 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 Empire | amod |
| 30 | Roman | Roman | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 Empire | compound |
| 31 | Empire | Empire | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Kaiser | nmod |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 920 | case |
| 33 | 920 | 920 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 25 chosen | obl |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 37 places | punct |
| 35 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 places | amod |
| 36 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 places | amod |
| 37 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 claim | nsubj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 places | punct |
| 39 | however | however | ADV | _ | 41 claim | advmod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 however | punct |
| 41 | claim | claim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 said | parataxis |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 honour | det |
| 43 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 claim | obj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · passive | Many | as Duke of Saxony | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | live | to-infinitive · perfect | this hunting seat; here | with Many's Duchess | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with duchess=Location | ||||
| 3 | choose | past · passive | Many | 920 | Kaiser of the holy Roman Empire obj | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary kaiser=Theme | |||
| 4 | claim speech: other | present | several other places | the honour | however property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent honour=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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