Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 5, sentence 105
He had to wait long before his knocking was heard, for the storm turned the weathercock with a rattling noise, shook the tiles of the roof, and threw at intervals an open-hanging shutter violently to and fro.
Who acts: wanderer, storm · What happens: have, wait, hear, turn, shake, throw · To what, where: knocking, weathercock, tiles, hanging shutter, intervals
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wanderer, storm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 wait | mark |
| 4 | wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 had | xcomp |
| 5 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 4 wait | advmod |
| 6 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 10 heard | mark |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 knocking | nmod:poss |
| 8 | knocking | knocking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heard | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heard | aux:pass |
| 10 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 wait | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 turned | punct |
| 12 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 15 turned | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 storm | det |
| 14 | storm | storm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | nsubj |
| 15 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 heard | parataxis |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 weathercock | det |
| 17 | weathercock | weathercock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | obj |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 noise | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 noise | det |
| 20 | rattling | rattling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 noise | compound |
| 21 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 weathercock | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 shook | punct |
| 23 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 turned | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 tiles | det |
| 25 | tiles | tile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 shook | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 roof | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 roof | det |
| 28 | roof | roof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 tiles | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 threw | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 threw | cc |
| 31 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | parataxis |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 intervals | case |
| 33 | intervals | interval | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 threw | obl |
| 34 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 shutter | det |
| 35 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 hanging | amod |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 open | punct |
| 37 | hanging | hang | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 38 shutter | amod |
| 38 | shutter | shutter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 threw | obj |
| 39 | violently | violently | ADV | _ | 31 threw | advmod |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 39 violently | fixed |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 fro | cc |
| 42 | fro | fro | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 31 threw | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | wanderer | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | wait | to-infinitive | wanderer not said here | long property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hear | past · passive | wanderer's knocking | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | turn | past | the storm | the weathercock | with a rattling noise | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent weathercock=Theme | |||
| 5 | shake | past | the storm not said here | the tiles of the roof | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent tile=Patient | ||||
| 6 | throw | past | a hanging shutter | intervals | violently property | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shutter=Theme at interval=Destination | |||
| 7 | hang | gerund | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 8 | fro | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 9 | knock | wanderer | nom knocking «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/22/105/