Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 6, sentence 48
Scarcely had the darkness come on, when the procession appeared in sight, a well-ordered company, and the concealed heard their march till the rising of the sun, and the noise thereof was like the light trampling of a flock of sheep.
Who acts: Scarcely, procession, noise, sun · What happens: have, come on, appear, order, conceal, hear · To what, where: darkness, sight, march
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scarcely, procession, noise, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scarcely | Scarcely | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 darkness | det |
| 4 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 5 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 6 | on | on | ADV | _ | 5 come | advmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 appeared | punct |
| 8 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 11 appeared | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 procession | det |
| 10 | procession | procession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 appeared | nsubj |
| 11 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 sight | case |
| 13 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 appeared | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 company | punct |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 company | det |
| 16 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 ordered | advmod |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 well | punct |
| 18 | ordered | order | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 19 company | amod |
| 19 | company | company | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 sight | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 heard | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 heard | cc |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 heard | det |
| 23 | concealed | conceal | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 the | acl |
| 24 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | parataxis |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 march | nmod:poss |
| 26 | march | march | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 heard | obj |
| 27 | till | till | ADP | _ | 29 rising | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 rising | det |
| 29 | rising | rising | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 heard | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 sun | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 sun | det |
| 32 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 rising | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 trampling | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 trampling | cc |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 noise | det |
| 36 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 trampling | nsubj |
| 37 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 42 trampling | advmod |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 trampling | cop |
| 39 | like | like | ADP | _ | 42 trampling | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 trampling | det |
| 41 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 trampling | compound |
| 42 | trampling | trampling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 heard | conj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 flock | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 flock | det |
| 45 | flock | flock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 trampling | nmod |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 47 sheep | case |
| 47 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 flock | nmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Scarcely | the darkness | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent darkness=Patient | ||||
| 2 | come on | present | Scarcely not said here | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | appear | past | the procession | sight and a ordered company | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sight=Location | ||||
| 4 | order | participle | well property | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | conceal | participle | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | hear | past | servants's march | till the rising of the sun | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer march=Stimulus | ||||
| 7 | is | past | the noise | like the light trampling; of a flock of sheep; thereof property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | rise | the sun | nom rising «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/23/48/