Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, A Historical Tale., part 7, sentence 32
On his dying bed he commended them to his sons, and charged them never to sell the land.
Who acts: voice · What happens: die, commend, charge, not sell · To what, where: trees, dying bed, land
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, A Historical Tale., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (voice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | On | on | ADP | _ | 4 bed | case |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 bed | nmod:poss |
| 3 | dying | die | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 bed | amod |
| 4 | bed | bed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 commended | obl |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 commended | nsubj |
| 6 | commended | commend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 commended | obj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 sons | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 sons | nmod:poss |
| 10 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 commended | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 charged | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 charged | cc |
| 13 | charged | charge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 commended | conj |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 charged | obj |
| 15 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 17 sell | advmod |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 sell | mark |
| 17 | sell | sell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 charged | advcl |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 land | det |
| 19 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 sell | obj |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 commended | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | die | gerund | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||||
| 2 | commend | past | voice | trees = tree | voice's dying bed | to voice's sons | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||
| 3 | charge | past | voice not said here | trees = tree | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location they=Theme | ||||
| 4 | not sell | to-infinitive | voice not said here | the land | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/24/32/