Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains, Legends and Tales., part 2, sentence 74
Surprised to hear his mother tongue so purely spoken by Americans, as he imagined, he approached them, addressed the lady, started, and instantly recognized the Princess Charlotte of Blankenburg, whom he had long years reckoned among the dead.
Who acts: chance, Princess Charlotte · What happens: hear, speak, imagine, approach, address, start · To what, where: mother tongue, tears, lady, Princess Charlotte · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Legends and Tales., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chance, Princess Charlotte), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Surprised | surprised | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 hear | advcl |
| 2 | to | to | PART | _ | 3 hear | mark |
| 3 | hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 5 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tongue | compound |
| 6 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hear | obj |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 spoken | advmod |
| 8 | purely | purely | ADV | _ | 9 spoken | advmod |
| 9 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 hear | advcl |
| 10 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 Americans | case |
| 11 | Americans | American | PROPN | Number=Plur | 9 spoken | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 imagined | punct |
| 13 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 15 imagined | mark |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 imagined | nsubj |
| 15 | imagined | imagine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 spoken | parataxis |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 approached | punct |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 approached | nsubj |
| 18 | approached | approach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 imagined | parataxis |
| 19 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 approached | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 addressed | punct |
| 21 | addressed | address | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 approached | conj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 lady | det |
| 23 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 addressed | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 started | punct |
| 25 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 addressed | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 recognized | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 recognized | cc |
| 28 | instantly | instantly | ADV | _ | 29 recognized | advmod |
| 29 | recognized | recognize | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 imagined | conj |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 Charlotte | det |
| 31 | Princess | Princess | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Charlotte | compound |
| 32 | Charlotte | Charlotte | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 recognized | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 Blankenburg | case |
| 34 | Blankenburg | Blankenburg | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Charlotte | nmod |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 had | punct |
| 36 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 had | obj |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 had | nsubj |
| 38 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 Charlotte | acl:relcl |
| 39 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 years | amod |
| 40 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 had | obj |
| 41 | reckoned | reckon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 had | xcomp |
| 42 | among | among | ADP | _ | 44 dead | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 dead | det |
| 44 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 reckoned | obl |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 hear | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | to-infinitive | chance's mother tongue | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer tongue=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | participle | by Americans; purely property | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | imagine | past | chance | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 4 | approach | past | chance | tears = tear | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 5 | address | past | chance not said here | the lady | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lady=Destination | ||||
| 6 | start | past | chance not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | recognize | past | chance not said here | the Princess Charlotte of Blankenburg | instantly property | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer charlotte=Stimulus | |||
| 8 | have | past | chance | the Princess Charlotte of Blankenburg | year | tree rules | |||
| 9 | reckon | participle | the Princess Charlotte of Blankenburg not said here | among the dead | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends and tales of the Harz Mountains» by Toofie Lauder, Project Gutenberg book 74323 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg74323/3/74/