English Fairy Tales, The Master and His Pupil, sentence 7
The lad tried in vain with the crucibles to turn copper and lead into gold and silver--he looked long and vainly into the mirror; smoke and clouds passed over it, but he saw nothing plain, and the shell to his ear produced only indistinct murmurings, like the breaking of distant seas on an unknown shore.
Who acts: lad, smoke, shell · What happens: try, turn, look, pass, see, produce · To what, where: vain, copper, gold, nothing, indistinct murmurings, unknown shore
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Master and His Pupil. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lad, smoke, shell), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lad | det |
| 2 | lad | lad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 tried | nsubj |
| 3 | tried | try | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 vain | case |
| 5 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 tried | obl |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 crucibles | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 crucibles | det |
| 8 | crucibles | crucible | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 tried | obl |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 10 turn | mark |
| 10 | turn | turn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 tried | advcl |
| 11 | copper | copper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 turn | obj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 lead | cc |
| 13 | lead | lead | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 copper | conj |
| 14 | into | into | ADP | _ | 15 gold | case |
| 15 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 turn | obl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 silver | cc |
| 17 | silver | silver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 gold | conj |
| 18 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 20 looked | punct |
| 19 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 looked | nsubj |
| 20 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 tried | conj |
| 21 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 looked | xcomp |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 mirror | cc |
| 23 | vainly | vainly | ADV | _ | 26 mirror | advmod |
| 24 | into | into | ADP | _ | 26 mirror | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 mirror | det |
| 26 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 long | conj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 31 passed | punct |
| 28 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 passed | nsubj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 clouds | cc |
| 30 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 smoke | conj |
| 31 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 tried | parataxis |
| 32 | over | over | ADP | _ | 33 it | case |
| 33 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 31 passed | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 saw | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 37 saw | cc |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 saw | nsubj |
| 37 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 passed | conj |
| 38 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 37 saw | obj |
| 39 | plain | plain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 nothing | amod |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 produced | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 produced | cc |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 shell | det |
| 43 | shell | shell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 produced | nsubj |
| 44 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 ear | case |
| 45 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 46 ear | nmod:poss |
| 46 | ear | ear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 shell | nmod |
| 47 | produced | produce | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 passed | conj |
| 48 | only | only | ADV | _ | 50 murmurings | advmod |
| 49 | indistinct | indistinct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 50 murmurings | amod |
| 50 | murmurings | murmuring | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 produced | obj |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 breaking | punct |
| 52 | like | like | ADP | _ | 54 breaking | case |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 breaking | det |
| 54 | breaking | breaking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 produced | obl |
| 55 | of | of | ADP | _ | 57 seas | case |
| 56 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 seas | amod |
| 57 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 54 breaking | nmod |
| 58 | on | on | ADP | _ | 61 shore | case |
| 59 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 61 shore | det |
| 60 | unknown | unknown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 61 shore | amod |
| 61 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 produced | obl |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 tried | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | try | past | the lad | vain | with the crucibles | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 2 | turn | to-infinitive | the lad not said here | copper and lead | gold and silver | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent copper=Theme into gold=Trajectory | |||
| 3 | look | past | lad | long property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | pass | past | smoke and clouds | copper | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over it=Location | ||||
| 5 | see | past | lad | nothing | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nothing=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | produce | past | the shell to lad's ear | indistinct murmurings | a unknown shore | like the breaking of distant seas | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent murmuring=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/18/7/