English Fairy Tales, Jack and His Golden Snuff-box, sentence 114
Now poor Jack leaves his castle behind and faces towards home; and after having so much merriment with the three brothers every night, Jack became sleepy on horseback, and would have lost the road if it was not for the little men a-guiding him.
Who acts: poor Jack, Jack, castle, little men · What happens: leave, face, have, become, lose, not be · To what, where: castle, much merriment, horseback, road, Jack
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack and His Golden Snuff-box. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (poor Jack, Jack, castle, little men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 leaves | advmod |
| 2 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Jack | amod |
| 3 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 leaves | nsubj |
| 4 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 castle | nmod:poss |
| 6 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 leaves | obj |
| 7 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 4 leaves | advmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 faces | cc |
| 9 | faces | face | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 leaves | conj |
| 10 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 11 home | case |
| 11 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 faces | obl |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 became | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 became | cc |
| 14 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 15 having | mark |
| 15 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 27 became | advcl |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 much | advmod |
| 17 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 merriment | amod |
| 18 | merriment | merriment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 having | obj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 brothers | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 brothers | det |
| 21 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 brothers | nummod |
| 22 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 merriment | nmod |
| 23 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 24 night | det |
| 24 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 having | obl:unmarked |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 having | punct |
| 26 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 became | nsubj |
| 27 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 leaves | parataxis |
| 28 | sleepy | sleepy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 became | xcomp |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 horseback | case |
| 30 | horseback | horseback | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 became | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 lost | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 lost | cc |
| 33 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 lost | aux |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 35 lost | aux |
| 35 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 27 became | conj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 road | det |
| 37 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 lost | obj |
| 38 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 45 men | mark |
| 39 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 men | nsubj |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 men | cop |
| 41 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 45 men | advmod |
| 42 | for | for | ADP | _ | 45 men | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 men | det |
| 44 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 men | amod |
| 45 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 lost | obj |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 guiding | det |
| 47 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 a | punct |
| 48 | guiding | guide | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 45 men | acl |
| 49 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 guiding | obj |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 leaves | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leave | present | poor Jack | Jack's castle | now | behind property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Theme | ||
| 2 | face | present | poor Jack not said here | towards home | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | have | gerund | Jack not said here | much merriment | night | with the three brothers | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent merriment=Patient | ||
| 4 | become | past | Jack | horseback | sleepy property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||
| 5 | lose | would · perfect | Jack not said here | the road | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | not is a condition, not said to happen | past | castle | for the little men | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | guide | gerund | the little men not said here | Jack | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/20/114/