English Fairy Tales, Jack the Giant-killer, sentence 119
Whereupon Jack entered, and down they sat together, and the old man began to speak as follows: “Son, I see by your belt you are the great conqueror of giants, and behold, my son, on the top of this mountain is an enchanted castle, this is kept by a giant named Galligantua, and he by the help of an old conjurer, betrays many knights and ladies into his castle, where by magic art they are transformed into sundry shapes and forms.
Who acts: Jack, gentlemen, old man, you, top, giant · What happens: enter, sit, begin, speak, follow, see · To what, where: Son, great conqueror, enchanted castle, this, giant, many knights · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jack, gentlemen, old man, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whereupon | whereupon | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 entered | advmod |
| 2 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 entered | nsubj |
| 3 | entered | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 sat | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 sat | cc |
| 6 | down | down | ADV | _ | 8 sat | advmod |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 sat | nsubj |
| 8 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 entered | conj |
| 9 | together | together | ADV | _ | 8 sat | advmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 began | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 began | cc |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 man | det |
| 13 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 man | amod |
| 14 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 began | nsubj |
| 15 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 entered | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 speak | mark |
| 17 | speak | speak | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 began | xcomp |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 follows | mark |
| 19 | follows | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 speak | advcl |
| 20 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 22 Son | punct |
| 21 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Son | punct |
| 22 | Son | Son | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 entered | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 see | punct |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 see | nsubj |
| 25 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 Son | acl:relcl |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 28 belt | case |
| 27 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 belt | nmod:poss |
| 28 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 see | obl |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 33 conqueror | nsubj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 conqueror | cop |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 conqueror | det |
| 32 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 conqueror | amod |
| 33 | conqueror | conqueror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 belt | acl:relcl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 giants | case |
| 35 | giants | giant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 conqueror | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 son | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 son | cc |
| 38 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 41 son | discourse |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 son | punct |
| 40 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 son | nmod:poss |
| 41 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 see | conj |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 top | punct |
| 43 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 top | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 top | det |
| 45 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 castle | nsubj |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 mountain | case |
| 47 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 48 mountain | det |
| 48 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 top | nmod |
| 49 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 castle | cop |
| 50 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 castle | det |
| 51 | enchanted | enchant | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 castle | amod |
| 52 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 son | acl:relcl |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 kept | punct |
| 54 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 56 kept | nsubj:pass |
| 55 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 kept | aux:pass |
| 56 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 castle | acl:relcl |
| 57 | by | by | ADP | _ | 59 giant | case |
| 58 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 59 giant | det |
| 59 | giant | giant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 kept | obl |
| 60 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 59 giant | acl |
| 61 | Galligantua | Galligantua | PROPN | Number=Sing | 60 named | xcomp |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 73 betrays | punct |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 73 betrays | cc |
| 64 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 73 betrays | nsubj |
| 65 | by | by | ADP | _ | 67 help | case |
| 66 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 67 help | det |
| 67 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 he | nmod |
| 68 | of | of | ADP | _ | 71 conjurer | case |
| 69 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 71 conjurer | det |
| 70 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 71 conjurer | amod |
| 71 | conjurer | conjurer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 help | nmod |
| 72 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 help | punct |
| 73 | betrays | betray | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 entered | conj |
| 74 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 75 knights | amod |
| 75 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 73 betrays | obj |
| 76 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 77 ladies | cc |
| 77 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 75 knights | conj |
| 78 | into | into | ADP | _ | 80 castle | case |
| 79 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 80 castle | nmod:poss |
| 80 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 73 betrays | obl |
| 81 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 88 transformed | punct |
| 82 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 88 transformed | advmod |
| 83 | by | by | ADP | _ | 85 art | case |
| 84 | magic | magic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 85 art | amod |
| 85 | art | art | NOUN | Number=Sing | 88 transformed | obl |
| 86 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 88 transformed | nsubj |
| 87 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 88 transformed | aux:pass |
| 88 | transformed | transform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 80 castle | acl:relcl |
| 89 | into | into | ADP | _ | 91 shapes | case |
| 90 | sundry | sundry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 91 shapes | amod |
| 91 | shapes | shape | NOUN | Number=Plur | 88 transformed | obl |
| 92 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 93 forms | cc |
| 93 | forms | form | NOUN | Number=Plur | 91 shapes | conj |
| 94 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 entered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | enter | past | Jack | Son | whereupon property | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | sit | past | gentlemen = gentleman | down, together property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | the old man | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | speak speech: other | to-infinitive | the old man not said here | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | follow | present | the old man not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | see in a quote | present | the old man = man | Son not said here | by your belt | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer son=Stimulus | |||
| 7 | is a in a quote | present | you | the great conqueror | of giants | tree rules | |||
| 8 | enchant in a quote | participle | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 9 | is a in a quote | present | the top of this mountain | a enchanted castle | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | keep in a quote | present · passive | a giant | this | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 11 | name in a quote | participle | a giant not said here | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 12 | betray in a quote | present | man | many knights and ladies | man's castle | tree rules | |||
| 13 | transform in a quote | present · passive | magic art | gentlemen = gentleman | into sundry shapes and forms result | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent subject=Patient into shape=Result | |||
| 14 | help in a quote | a old conjurer | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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