English Fairy Tales, Jack the Giant-killer, sentence 84
Jack alighted from his horse, and, putting on the coat of darkness, went up close to the giant, and said softly: “Oh! are you there?
Who acts: Jack, putting, you · What happens: alight, put, go up, say, be · To what, where: coat · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Jack the Giant-killer. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jack, putting, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 alighted | nsubj |
| 2 | alighted | alight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 3 | from | from | ADP | _ | 5 horse | case |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 horse | nmod:poss |
| 5 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 alighted | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 went | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 went | cc |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 putting | punct |
| 9 | putting | put | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 went | csubj |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 coat | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 coat | det |
| 12 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 putting | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 darkness | case |
| 14 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 coat | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 putting | punct |
| 16 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 alighted | parataxis |
| 17 | up | up | ADV | _ | 18 close | advmod |
| 18 | close | close | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 went | advmod |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 giant | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 giant | det |
| 21 | giant | giant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 close | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 said | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 said | cc |
| 24 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 went | conj |
| 25 | softly | softly | ADV | _ | 24 said | advmod |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 32 there | punct |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 there | punct |
| 28 | Oh | oh | INTJ | _ | 32 there | discourse |
| 29 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 28 Oh | punct |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 there | cop |
| 31 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 there | nsubj |
| 32 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 said | parataxis |
| 33 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 alighted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | alight | participle | Jack | from Jack's horse | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | put | gerund | the coat of darkness | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent on coat=Destination | |||||
| 3 | go up | past | putting | close property | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 4 | say speech: ask | past | putting not said here | softly property | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | you | there property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/23/84/