English Fairy Tales, The Ass, the Table, and the Stick, sentence 38
Why, by casting a tree across; so Jack climbed up to the top of the tree and threw his weight on it, so that when the man had rooted the tree up, Jack and the tree-head dropped on the farther bank.
Who acts: Jack, man · What happens: cast, climb up, throw, root up, drop · To what, where: tree, top, weight, tree head, farther bank
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, The Ass, the Table, and the Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jack, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 casting | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 casting | punct |
| 3 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 4 casting | mark |
| 4 | casting | cast | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 climbed | advcl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 tree | det |
| 6 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 casting | obj |
| 7 | across | across | ADV | _ | 4 casting | advmod |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 climbed | punct |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 11 climbed | advmod |
| 10 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 climbed | nsubj |
| 11 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 climbed | compound:prt |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 15 top | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 top | det |
| 15 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 climbed | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 tree | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 tree | det |
| 18 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 top | nmod |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 threw | cc |
| 20 | threw | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 climbed | conj |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 weight | nmod:poss |
| 22 | weight | weight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 threw | obj |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 it | case |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 threw | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 rooted | punct |
| 26 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 32 rooted | mark |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 26 so | fixed |
| 28 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 32 rooted | mark |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 man | det |
| 30 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 rooted | nsubj |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 rooted | aux |
| 32 | rooted | root | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 threw | conj |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 tree | det |
| 34 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 rooted | obj |
| 35 | up | up | ADP | _ | 32 rooted | compound:prt |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 Jack | punct |
| 37 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 rooted | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 head | cc |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 head | det |
| 40 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 head | compound |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 tree | punct |
| 42 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Jack | conj |
| 43 | dropped | drop | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 42 head | acl |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 47 bank | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 bank | det |
| 46 | farther | far | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 47 bank | amod |
| 47 | bank | bank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 dropped | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 climbed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cast | gerund | Jack not said here | a tree | across property | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Product | |||
| 2 | climb up | past | Jack | the top of the tree | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to top=Destination | ||||
| 3 | throw | past | Jack not said here | Jack's weight | tree | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent weight=Theme on it=Destination | |||
| 4 | root up | past · perfect | the man | the tree | Jack and the tree head obl | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | |||
| 5 | drop | participle | the tree head not said here | the farther bank | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on bank=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/45/38/