English Fairy Tales, IX. Binnorie., sentence 5
Years after a shepherd passing by finds a bone under the bush, and, blowing through this, hears the bone denounce the murderer.
Who acts: shepherd, Years, bone · What happens: pass by, find, blow, hear, denounce · To what, where: bone, bush, this, murderer · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, IX. Binnorie.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd, Years, bone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher. This tree is Mova's own parse (the en model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 finds | nsubj |
| 2 | after | after | ADP | _ | 4 shepherd | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 shepherd | det |
| 4 | shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Years | nmod |
| 5 | passing | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 shepherd | acl |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 passing | fixed |
| 7 | finds | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 bone | det |
| 9 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 finds | obj |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 12 bush | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 bush | det |
| 12 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 finds | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 blowing | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 blowing | cc |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 blowing | punct |
| 16 | blowing | blow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 finds | advcl |
| 17 | through | through | ADP | _ | 18 this | case |
| 18 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 16 blowing | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 hears | punct |
| 20 | hears | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 finds | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 bone | det |
| 22 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 denounce | nsubj |
| 23 | denounce | denounce | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 hears | ccomp |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 murderer | det |
| 25 | murderer | murderer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 denounce | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 finds | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass by | gerund | a shepherd not said here | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | find | present | Years after a shepherd | a bone | the bush | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Topic | |||
| 3 | blow | gerund | Years after a shepherd not said here | this | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | hear | present | Years after a shepherd not said here | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | denounce | infinitive | the bone | the murderer | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent murderer=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «English Fairy Tales» by Joseph Jacobs, Project Gutenberg book 7439 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg7439/59/5/