Folk tales from Tibet, The Prince and the Ogre’s Castle., sentence 4
Now it chanced that in a neighbouring country there lived a terrible Ogre, who was an expert in magic and all the black arts; and it came to his ears that this King had offered a large reward if anyone could secure to him the birth of children for himself, his horse and his dog.
Who acts: notice, neighbouring country, terrible Ogre, anyone · What happens: chance, neighbour, live, be, come, offer · To what, where: terrible Ogre, expert, magic, ears, King, birth
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Prince and the Ogre’s Castle.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (notice, neighbouring country, terrible Ogre, anyone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 chanced | advmod |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 chanced | nsubj |
| 3 | chanced | chance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 10 lived | mark |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 country | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 country | det |
| 7 | neighbouring | neighbour | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 country | amod |
| 8 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lived | nsubj |
| 9 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 8 country | advmod |
| 10 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chanced | advcl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 Ogre | det |
| 12 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 Ogre | amod |
| 13 | Ogre | ogre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lived | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 expert | punct |
| 15 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 expert | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 expert | cop |
| 17 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 expert | det |
| 18 | expert | expert | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 Ogre | appos |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 magic | case |
| 20 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 expert | nmod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 arts | cc |
| 22 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 25 arts | det:predet |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 arts | det |
| 24 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 arts | amod |
| 25 | arts | art | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 expert | conj |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 came | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 came | cc |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 came | nsubj |
| 29 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 chanced | conj |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 32 ears | case |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 ears | nmod:poss |
| 32 | ears | ear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 came | obl |
| 33 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 offered | mark |
| 34 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 35 King | det |
| 35 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 offered | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 offered | aux |
| 37 | offered | offer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 came | advcl |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 reward | det |
| 39 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 reward | amod |
| 40 | reward | reward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 offered | obj |
| 41 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 44 secure | mark |
| 42 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 44 secure | nsubj |
| 43 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 44 secure | aux |
| 44 | secure | secure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 offered | advcl |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 46 him | case |
| 46 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 secure | obl |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 birth | det |
| 48 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 secure | obj |
| 49 | of | of | ADP | _ | 50 children | case |
| 50 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 birth | nmod |
| 51 | for | for | ADP | _ | 52 himself | case |
| 52 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 50 children | nmod |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 horse | punct |
| 54 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 55 horse | nmod:poss |
| 55 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 himself | conj |
| 56 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 dog | cc |
| 57 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 58 dog | nmod:poss |
| 58 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 himself | conj |
| 59 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 chanced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chance | past | notice | now | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | neighbour | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | live | past | a neighbouring country | a terrible Ogre | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme ogre=Location | ||||
| 4 | is a | past | a terrible Ogre | a expert and all black arts | magic | all black arts conj | tree rules | ||
| 5 | come | past | notice | country's ears | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to ear=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | offer | past · perfect · passive | this King | a large reward obj | vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: subject=Goal reward=Theme | ||||
| 7 | secure a condition, not said to happen | could | anyone | the birth of children for country | country | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent birth=Patient to he=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/17/4/