Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Lama’s Servant., sentence 65
About mid-day, as he was galloping along, he saw the Thief some distance ahead, sitting under the shade of a tree resting; for not knowing that Rin-dzin had a horse, he did not consider it necessary to go very fast.
Who acts: dzin, Rin dzin · What happens: gallop, see, sit, not know, have, not consider · To what, where: mid-day, Thief, shade, horse, tree resting · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Lama’s Servant.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dzin, Rin dzin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADP | _ | 2 mid-day | case |
| 2 | mid-day | mid-day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 galloping | punct |
| 4 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 7 galloping | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 galloping | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 galloping | aux |
| 7 | galloping | gallop | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 mid-day | acl |
| 8 | along | along | ADV | _ | 7 galloping | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 mid-day | punct |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 saw | nsubj |
| 11 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 Thief | det |
| 13 | Thief | Thief | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | obj |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 15 distance | det |
| 15 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 saw | obj |
| 16 | ahead | ahead | ADV | _ | 15 distance | advmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 sitting | punct |
| 18 | sitting | sit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 saw | conj |
| 19 | under | under | ADP | _ | 21 shade | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 shade | det |
| 21 | shade | shade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 sitting | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 resting | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 resting | det |
| 24 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 resting | compound |
| 25 | resting | resting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shade | nmod |
| 26 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 knowing | punct |
| 27 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 29 knowing | mark |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 knowing | advmod |
| 29 | knowing | know | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 saw | advcl |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 34 had | mark |
| 31 | Rin | Rin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 dzin | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 Rin | punct |
| 33 | dzin | dzin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 had | nsubj |
| 34 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 knowing | ccomp |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 horse | det |
| 36 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 had | obj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 consider | punct |
| 38 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 consider | nsubj |
| 39 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 consider | aux |
| 40 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 41 consider | advmod |
| 41 | consider | consider | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 saw | conj |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 consider | obj |
| 43 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 consider | xcomp |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 go | mark |
| 45 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 necessary | advcl |
| 46 | very | very | ADV | _ | 47 fast | advmod |
| 47 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 45 go | advmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | gallop | past · progressive | dzin | mid-day not said here | along property | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mid-day=Agent | |||
| 2 | see | past | dzin | the Thief | about mid-day; some distance obj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | sit | gerund | dzin not said here | the shade of a tree resting | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under shade=Location | ||||
| 4 | not know | gerund | dzin not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | have | past | Rin dzin | a horse | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Patient | ||||
| 6 | not consider | past · do-support | dzin | horse | necessary property | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent it=Attribute | |||
| 7 | go | to-infinitive | dzin not said here | fast property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | shade | a tree resting | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75000/19/65/