Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of Room Bacha and Baki., sentence 29
As far as she could see, the whole country appeared to be one great plain, covered with high grass, through which it was almost impossible for anyone to force their way; but after hunting about for a time, she discerned a small opening in the grass, which led her to a narrow winding path, along which she walked for some considerable distance.
Who acts: Queen, whole country · What happens: see, appear, be, cover, force, hunt · To what, where: one great plain, way, small opening, grass, Queen, narrow winding path
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of Room Bacha and Baki.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Queen, whole country), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADV | _ | 2 far | advmod |
| 2 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 11 appeared | advmod |
| 3 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 6 see | mark |
| 4 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 see | nsubj |
| 5 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 see | aux |
| 6 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 far | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 far | punct |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 country | det |
| 9 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 country | amod |
| 10 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 appeared | nsubj |
| 11 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 plain | mark |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 16 plain | cop |
| 14 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 plain | nummod |
| 15 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 plain | amod |
| 16 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 appeared | advcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 covered | punct |
| 18 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 plain | acl |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 grass | case |
| 20 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 grass | amod |
| 21 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 covered | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 impossible | punct |
| 23 | through | through | ADP | _ | 24 which | case |
| 24 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 impossible | obl |
| 25 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 impossible | expl |
| 26 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 impossible | cop |
| 27 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 28 impossible | advmod |
| 28 | impossible | impossible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 plain | conj |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 30 anyone | case |
| 30 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 28 impossible | obl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 force | mark |
| 32 | force | force | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 impossible | csubj |
| 33 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 way | nmod:poss |
| 34 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 force | obj |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 discerned | punct |
| 36 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 45 discerned | cc |
| 37 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 38 hunting | mark |
| 38 | hunting | hunt | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 45 discerned | advcl |
| 39 | about | about | ADV | _ | 38 hunting | advmod |
| 40 | for | for | ADP | _ | 42 time | case |
| 41 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 time | det |
| 42 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 hunting | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 hunting | punct |
| 44 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 discerned | nsubj |
| 45 | discerned | discern | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 appeared | conj |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 48 opening | det |
| 47 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 opening | amod |
| 48 | opening | opening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 discerned | obj |
| 49 | in | in | ADP | _ | 51 grass | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 grass | det |
| 51 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 discerned | obl |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 led | punct |
| 53 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 54 led | nsubj |
| 54 | led | lead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 discerned | parataxis |
| 55 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 led | obj |
| 56 | to | to | ADP | _ | 60 path | case |
| 57 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 60 path | det |
| 58 | narrow | narrow | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 60 path | amod |
| 59 | winding | winding | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 path | compound |
| 60 | path | path | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 led | obl |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 walked | punct |
| 62 | along | along | ADP | _ | 63 which | case |
| 63 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 65 walked | obl |
| 64 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 65 walked | nsubj |
| 65 | walked | walk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 54 led | conj |
| 66 | for | for | ADP | _ | 69 distance | case |
| 67 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 69 distance | det |
| 68 | considerable | considerable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 69 distance | amod |
| 69 | distance | distance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 walked | obl |
| 70 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 appeared | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | could | Queen | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | appear | past | the whole country | far property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is a | to-infinitive | the whole country not said here | one great plain | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cover | participle | one great plain not said here | with high grass | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with grass=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | past | the whole country not said here | one great plain | for anyone; almost, impossible property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | force | to-infinitive | miles's way | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Recipient | |||||
| 7 | hunt | gerund | Queen not said here | time | about property | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 8 | discern | past | Queen | a small opening | the grass | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer opening=Stimulus | |||
| 9 | lead | past | Queen | a narrow winding path | which nsubj | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent she=Theme to path=Destination | |||
| 10 | walk | past | Queen | for some considerable distance; which obl | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along which=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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