Folk tales from Tibet, How He Dislodged the Spider., sentence 48
The old man was so much astonished at hearing this reply, which he looked upon as a proof of the Boy’s supernatural powers, that he forthwith became one of his most ardent admirers; and as he had seen where the Boy’s horse, dog, and other belongings had disappeared to on the occasion when they had all followed the fox, he was able to lead the boy to a distant valley, where he found his horse and dog together.
Who acts: old man, reply, Boy, other belongings · What happens: be, hear, look, become, see, disappear · To what, where: reply, horse, occasion, belongings, boy, distant valley
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, How He Dislodged the Spider.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old man, reply, Boy, other belongings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 man | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 man | amod |
| 3 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 astonished | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 astonished | cop |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 much | advmod |
| 6 | much | much | ADV | _ | 7 astonished | advmod |
| 7 | astonished | astonished | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 8 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 9 hearing | mark |
| 9 | hearing | hear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 astonished | advcl |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 reply | det |
| 11 | reply | reply | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 hearing | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 looked | punct |
| 13 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 looked | nsubj |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 looked | nsubj |
| 15 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 reply | parataxis |
| 16 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 19 proof | case |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 proof | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 proof | det |
| 19 | proof | proof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 looked | obl |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 powers | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Boy | det |
| 22 | Boy | Boy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 powers | nmod:poss |
| 23 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 22 Boy | case |
| 24 | supernatural | supernatural | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 powers | compound |
| 25 | powers | power | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 proof | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 became | punct |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 became | mark |
| 28 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 became | nsubj |
| 29 | forthwith | forthwith | ADV | _ | 30 became | advmod |
| 30 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 looked | conj |
| 31 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 became | xcomp |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 admirers | case |
| 33 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 admirers | nmod:poss |
| 34 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 35 ardent | advmod |
| 35 | ardent | ardent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 admirers | amod |
| 36 | admirers | admirer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 one | nmod |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 seen | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 seen | cc |
| 39 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 42 seen | mark |
| 40 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 seen | nsubj |
| 41 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 seen | aux |
| 42 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 astonished | parataxis |
| 43 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 47 horse | advmod |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 Boy | det |
| 45 | Boy | Boy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 47 horse | nmod:poss |
| 46 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 45 Boy | case |
| 47 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 seen | obj |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 dog | punct |
| 49 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 horse | conj |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 55 disappeared | punct |
| 51 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 55 disappeared | cc |
| 52 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 belongings | amod |
| 53 | belongings | belonging | NOUN | Number=Plur | 55 disappeared | nsubj |
| 54 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 55 disappeared | aux |
| 55 | disappeared | disappear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 42 seen | conj |
| 56 | to | to | PART | _ | 55 disappeared | xcomp |
| 57 | on | on | ADP | _ | 59 occasion | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 59 occasion | det |
| 59 | occasion | occasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 55 disappeared | obl |
| 60 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 64 followed | advmod |
| 61 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 followed | nsubj:pass |
| 62 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 64 followed | aux |
| 63 | all | all | ADV | _ | 64 followed | advmod |
| 64 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 55 disappeared | advcl |
| 65 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 fox | det |
| 66 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 followed | obj |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 able | punct |
| 68 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 70 able | nsubj |
| 69 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 70 able | cop |
| 70 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 astonished | conj |
| 71 | to | to | PART | _ | 72 lead | mark |
| 72 | lead | lead | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 70 able | xcomp |
| 73 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 74 boy | det |
| 74 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 lead | obj |
| 75 | to | to | ADP | _ | 78 valley | case |
| 76 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 78 valley | det |
| 77 | distant | distant | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 78 valley | amod |
| 78 | valley | valley | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 lead | obl |
| 79 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 82 found | punct |
| 80 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 82 found | advmod |
| 81 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 82 found | nsubj |
| 82 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 78 valley | acl:relcl |
| 83 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 84 horse | nmod:poss |
| 84 | horse | horse | NOUN | Number=Sing | 82 found | obj |
| 85 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 86 dog | cc |
| 86 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 84 horse | conj |
| 87 | together | together | ADV | _ | 82 found | advmod |
| 88 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 astonished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the old man | astonished property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hear | gerund | the old man not said here | this reply | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer reply=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | look | past | this reply | upon a proof of the Boy's supernatural powers; Boy nsubj | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon proof=Theme | ||||
| 4 | become | past | Boy | one of Boy's ardent admirers xcomp; forthwith property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | see | past · perfect | Boy | the Boy's horse and dog | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer horse=Stimulus | ||||
| 6 | disappear | past · perfect | other belongings | the occasion | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 7 | follow | past · perfect · passive | belongings = belonging | the fox obj; all property | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP.attribute»: subject=Theme fox=Attribute | ||||
| 8 | is | past | Boy | able property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | lead | to-infinitive | Boy not said here | the boy | a distant valley | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent boy=Theme to valley=Destination | |||
| 10 | find | past | Boy | Boy's horse and dog | together property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Topic | |||
| 11 | proof | the Boy's supernatural powers | nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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