Folk tales from Tibet, The Story of the Foolish Young Mussulman., sentence 105
Now this was a regular trick of the Landlord’s, who had a tame cat which had been taught to carry in a lantern in her mouth every evening just at dusk, and he was accustomed to practise this deceit upon unwary travellers, and by this means to secure their goods and whatever property they possessed.
Who acts: this, regular trick, tame cat, goods · What happens: be, have, teach, carry, accustom, practise · To what, where: regular trick, tame cat, lantern, cat, deceit, goods
This is a sentence of «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, The Story of the Foolish Young Mussulman.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this, regular trick, tame cat, goods), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 6 trick | advmod |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 trick | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 trick | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 trick | det |
| 5 | regular | regular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 trick | amod |
| 6 | trick | trick | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 Landlord | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Landlord | det |
| 9 | Landlord | Landlord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 trick | nmod |
| 10 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 9 Landlord | case |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 had | punct |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 had | nsubj |
| 13 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 trick | parataxis |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 cat | det |
| 15 | tame | tame | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 cat | amod |
| 16 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 had | obj |
| 17 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 taught | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 taught | aux |
| 19 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 20 taught | aux:pass |
| 20 | taught | teach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 cat | acl:relcl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 carry | mark |
| 22 | carry | carry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 taught | xcomp |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 lantern | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 lantern | det |
| 25 | lantern | lantern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 carry | obl |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 mouth | case |
| 27 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 28 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 carry | obl |
| 29 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 30 evening | det |
| 30 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 carry | obl:unmarked |
| 31 | just | just | ADV | _ | 33 dusk | advmod |
| 32 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 dusk | case |
| 33 | dusk | dusk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 carry | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 accustomed | punct |
| 35 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 accustomed | cc |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 accustomed | nsubj |
| 37 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 accustomed | aux:pass |
| 38 | accustomed | accustom | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 taught | conj |
| 39 | to | to | PART | _ | 40 practise | mark |
| 40 | practise | practise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 accustomed | xcomp |
| 41 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 42 deceit | det |
| 42 | deceit | deceit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 practise | obj |
| 43 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 45 travellers | case |
| 44 | unwary | unwary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 travellers | amod |
| 45 | travellers | traveller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 practise | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 means | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 means | cc |
| 48 | by | by | ADP | _ | 49 this | case |
| 49 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 50 means | nsubj |
| 50 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 had | parataxis |
| 51 | to | to | PART | _ | 52 secure | mark |
| 52 | secure | secure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 50 means | xcomp |
| 53 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 54 goods | nmod:poss |
| 54 | goods | goods | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 52 secure | obj |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 57 property | cc |
| 56 | whatever | whatever | DET | PronType=Int | 57 property | det |
| 57 | property | property | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 secure | conj |
| 58 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 59 possessed | nsubj |
| 59 | possessed | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 property | acl:relcl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 trick | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | this | a regular trick | now | of the Landlord | tree rules | ||
| 2 | have | past | a regular trick | a tame cat | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Patient | ||||
| 3 | teach speech: other | past · perfect · passive | a tame cat | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | carry | to-infinitive | a tame cat not said here | a lantern | dusk; evening | in Landlord's mouth | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in lantern=Location | ||
| 5 | accustom | past · passive | cat | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | practise | to-infinitive | this deceit | upon unwary travellers | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | mean | present | this | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 8 | secure not said to happen | to-infinitive | this not said here | travellers's goods | whatever property conj | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition goods=Theme | |||
| 9 | possess | past | goods | whatever property not said here | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot property=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Folk tales from Tibet» by William Frederick Travers, Sir O'Connor, Project Gutenberg book 75000 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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