Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Chinese Heroism, sentence 7
The experiences of the brave messengers have been given to the world; and the story of the rescue party, headed by Dr. Morrison of the London Times, by which several hundred Catholic Christians were saved, has also stirred the hearts of many.
What happens: give, head, save, stir, experience · To what, where: experiences, world, story, several hundred Catholic Christians, hearts, brave messengers
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Chinese Heroism. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 experiences | det |
| 2 | experiences | experience | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 given | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 messengers | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 messengers | det |
| 5 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 messengers | amod |
| 6 | messengers | messenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 experiences | nmod |
| 7 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 given | aux |
| 8 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 given | aux:pass |
| 9 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 world | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 world | det |
| 12 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 given | obl |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 story | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 story | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 story | det |
| 16 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 given | parataxis |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 party | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 party | det |
| 19 | rescue | rescue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 party | compound |
| 20 | party | party | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 story | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 headed | punct |
| 22 | headed | head | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 story | acl |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 Morrison | case |
| 24 | Dr. | Dr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Morrison | nmod:desc |
| 25 | Morrison | Morrison | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 headed | obl:agent |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 Times | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Times | det |
| 28 | London | London | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 Times | compound |
| 29 | Times | Times | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Morrison | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 saved | punct |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 which | case |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 saved | obl |
| 33 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 Christians | amod |
| 34 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 36 Christians | nummod |
| 35 | Catholic | Catholic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 Christians | compound |
| 36 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 38 saved | nsubj |
| 37 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 saved | aux:pass |
| 38 | saved | save | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 given | conj |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 stirred | punct |
| 40 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 stirred | aux |
| 41 | also | also | ADV | _ | 42 stirred | advmod |
| 42 | stirred | stir | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 given | conj |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 hearts | det |
| 44 | hearts | heart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 stirred | obj |
| 45 | of | of | ADP | _ | 46 many | case |
| 46 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 hearts | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 given | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | present · perfect · passive | the experiences of the brave messengers | the world | the story of the rescue party parataxis | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to world=Recipient | |||
| 2 | head | participle | the story of the rescue party not said here | Morrison Dr. of the London Times obl:agent | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | save | past · passive | several hundred Catholic Christians | which obl | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 4 | stir | present · perfect | the hearts of many | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus heart=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | experience | the brave messengers | nom experience «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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