Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Chinese Heroism, sentence 8
The brave deed to which the writer calls attention is known to but few, will probably never be recorded in song or story, and yet it took the truest courage, and reveals as true heroism as was ever heralded abroad.
Who acts: writer, it · What happens: call, know, not record, take, reveal, herald · To what, where: attention, brave deed, song, truest courage · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Chinese Heroism. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (writer, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 deed | det |
| 2 | brave | brave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 deed | amod |
| 3 | deed | deed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 known | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 calls | obl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 writer | det |
| 7 | writer | writer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 calls | nsubj |
| 8 | calls | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 deed | acl:relcl |
| 9 | attention | attention | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 calls | obj |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 known | aux:pass |
| 11 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 known | obl |
| 13 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 14 few | cc |
| 14 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 known | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 recorded | punct |
| 16 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 recorded | aux |
| 17 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 20 recorded | advmod |
| 18 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 20 recorded | advmod |
| 19 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 recorded | aux:pass |
| 20 | recorded | record | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 known | conj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 song | case |
| 22 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 recorded | obl |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 story | cc |
| 24 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 song | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 took | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 took | cc |
| 27 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 29 took | advmod |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 took | nsubj |
| 29 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 known | parataxis |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 courage | det |
| 31 | truest | true | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 32 courage | amod |
| 32 | courage | courage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 took | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 reveals | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 reveals | cc |
| 35 | reveals | reveal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 took | parataxis |
| 36 | as | as | ADP | _ | 38 heroism | case |
| 37 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 heroism | amod |
| 38 | heroism | heroism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 reveals | obl |
| 39 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 42 heralded | mark |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 heralded | aux:pass |
| 41 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 42 heralded | advmod |
| 42 | heralded | herald | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 reveals | advcl |
| 43 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 42 heralded | advmod |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 known | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | present | the writer | attention | the brave deed | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent attention=Topic to which=Recipient | |||
| 2 | know | present · passive | the brave deed | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | not record | future · passive | song or story | probably property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: in song=Destination | ||||
| 4 | take | past | it | the truest courage | yet | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme | |||
| 5 | reveal | present | as true heroism | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent as heroism=Attribute | |||||
| 6 | herald | past · passive | ever | abroad property | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/12/8/