Gleanings from Chinese folklore, How the Dog and Cat Came to Be Enemies, sentence 39
At last one of them asked how she could afford to provide such expensive food, and the old lady in pride of heart brought forth her treasure and told her secret to the guests.
Who acts: lady, old lady · What happens: ask, afford, provide, bring, tell, pride · To what, where: such expensive food, treasure, secret, guests, heart · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, How the Dog and Cat Came to Be Enemies. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lady, old lady), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 one | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 one | amod |
| 3 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 asked | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 them | case |
| 5 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 one | nmod |
| 6 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 10 afford | advmod |
| 8 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 afford | nsubj |
| 9 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 afford | aux |
| 10 | afford | afford | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 asked | ccomp |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 provide | mark |
| 12 | provide | provide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 afford | xcomp |
| 13 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 food | amod |
| 14 | expensive | expensive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 food | amod |
| 15 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 provide | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 lady | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 lady | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 lady | det |
| 19 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 lady | amod |
| 20 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 brought | nsubj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 pride | case |
| 22 | pride | pride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 lady | nmod |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 heart | case |
| 24 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 pride | nmod |
| 25 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 asked | ccomp |
| 26 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 25 brought | advmod |
| 27 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 treasure | nmod:poss |
| 28 | treasure | treasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 brought | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 told | cc |
| 30 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 asked | conj |
| 31 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 secret | nmod:poss |
| 32 | secret | secret | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 told | obj |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 guests | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 guests | det |
| 35 | guests | guest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 told | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | at last one of relatives | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | afford | could | lady | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | provide | to-infinitive | lady not said here | such expensive food | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition food=Theme | ||||
| 4 | bring | past | the old lady in pride of heart | lady's treasure | forth property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent treasure=Theme | |||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | past | lady's secret | the guests | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent secret=Topic to guest=Recipient | ||||
| 6 | pride | heart | nom pride «feeling transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | treasure | lady | nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/14/39/