Gleanings from Chinese folklore, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics, sentence 30
Then said the rich man, “For long years a terrible demon has lived in the river and every year we have to prepare a young boy and a young girl as an offering for him or he will destroy the village by causing the river to overflow.
Who acts: rich man, terrible demon, we, man · What happens: say, live, have, prepare, destroy, cause · To what, where: river, young boy, village · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, T’ang Sung’s Journey to Get the Buddhist Classics. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rich man, terrible demon, we, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 said | advmod |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 man | det |
| 4 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 man | amod |
| 5 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 said | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 lived | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 15 lived | punct |
| 8 | For | for | ADP | _ | 10 years | case |
| 9 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 years | amod |
| 10 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 lived | obl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 demon | det |
| 12 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 demon | amod |
| 13 | demon | demon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 lived | nsubj |
| 14 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 lived | aux |
| 15 | lived | live | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 said | conj |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 river | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 river | det |
| 18 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 have | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 year | cc |
| 20 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 21 year | det |
| 21 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 river | conj |
| 22 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 have | nsubj |
| 23 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 lived | conj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 prepare | mark |
| 25 | prepare | prepare | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 have | xcomp |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 boy | det |
| 27 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 boy | amod |
| 28 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 prepare | obj |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 girl | cc |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 girl | det |
| 31 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 girl | amod |
| 32 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 boy | conj |
| 33 | as | as | ADP | _ | 35 offering | case |
| 34 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 offering | det |
| 35 | offering | offering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 prepare | obl |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 him | case |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 offering | nmod |
| 38 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 41 destroy | cc |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 destroy | nsubj |
| 40 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 destroy | aux |
| 41 | destroy | destroy | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 prepare | conj |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 village | det |
| 43 | village | village | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 destroy | obj |
| 44 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 45 causing | mark |
| 45 | causing | cause | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 41 destroy | advcl |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 river | det |
| 47 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 causing | obj |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 overflow | mark |
| 49 | overflow | overflow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 47 river | acl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the rich man | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | live in a quote | present · perfect | a terrible demon | year | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | we | the river and every year | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | prepare in a quote | to-infinitive | we not said here | a young boy and a young girl | as a offering for man | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent boy=Theme as offering=Attribute | |||
| 5 | destroy in a quote | future | man | the village | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent village=Patient | ||||
| 6 | cause in a quote | gerund | man not said here | the river | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition river=Patient | ||||
| 7 | overflow in a quote | to-infinitive | man not said here | the river not said here | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/16/30/