Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 1, sentence 61
We have drank the wine and made the compact and that, you know, as he is older than I, gives me a right to meet you and call you ‘sister.’
Who acts: We, you, husband · What happens: drink, make, know, be, give, meet · To what, where: wine, compact, right, me, you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, you, husband), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 drank | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 drank | aux |
| 3 | drank | drink | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 wine | det |
| 5 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drank | obj |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 made | cc |
| 7 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 drank | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 compact | det |
| 9 | compact | compact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 made | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 that | cc |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 made | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 know | punct |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 know | nsubj |
| 14 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 drank | parataxis |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 older | punct |
| 16 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 19 older | mark |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 older | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 older | cop |
| 19 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 14 know | ccomp |
| 20 | than | than | ADP | _ | 21 I | case |
| 21 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 older | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 gives | punct |
| 23 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 older | conj |
| 24 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 gives | iobj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 right | det |
| 26 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 gives | obj |
| 27 | to | to | PART | _ | 28 meet | mark |
| 28 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 right | acl |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 28 meet | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 call | cc |
| 31 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 meet | conj |
| 32 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 31 call | obj |
| 33 | ‘ | ‘ | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 sister | nmod:poss |
| 34 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 call | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 know | punct |
| 36 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 drank | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drink | present · perfect | We | the wine | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient | ||||
| 2 | make | past | We not said here | the compact | that obl | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset compact=Product | |||
| 3 | know | present | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | is | present | husband | than I; old property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | give | present | husband not said here | a right | me | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient right=Theme | |||
| 6 | meet | to-infinitive | husband not said here | you | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Co-Agent | ||||
| 7 | call | infinitive | husband not said here | you | ‘'s sister obj | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme sister=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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