Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 2, sentence 19
Taking him by the hand she raised him up, and said, with all the mother-love shining in her eyes, “My son, you are too young yet to know all.
Who acts: mother, mother love, you · What happens: take, raise up, say, shine, be, know · To what, where: heart, son, eyes, all · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, mother love, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Taking | take | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 raised | csubj |
| 2 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Taking | obj |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 5 hand | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 hand | det |
| 5 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Taking | obl |
| 6 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 raised | nsubj |
| 7 | raised | raise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 raised | obj |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 7 raised | compound:prt |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 said | cc |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 raised | parataxis |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 love | punct |
| 14 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 love | case |
| 15 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 love | det:predet |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 love | det |
| 17 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 love | compound |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 mother | punct |
| 19 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | ccomp |
| 20 | shining | shine | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 love | acl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 eyes | case |
| 22 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 23 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 shining | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 son | punct |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 27 son | punct |
| 26 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 son | nmod:poss |
| 27 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shining | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 young | punct |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 young | nsubj |
| 30 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 young | cop |
| 31 | too | too | ADV | _ | 32 young | advmod |
| 32 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 said | advcl |
| 33 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 32 young | advmod |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 know | mark |
| 35 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 32 young | advcl |
| 36 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 know | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 raised | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | gerund | heart | by the hand | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination | ||||
| 2 | raise up | past | mother | heart | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past | all mother love ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | shine | gerund | all mother love not said here | My son | mother's eyes | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in eye=Location | |||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | you | yet | young property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | know in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | all | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer all=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/18/19/