Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 2, sentence 54
With breaking heart and bitter, sad tears she gave her consent, and pawned almost everything she had to give him money to use on the journey.
Who acts: mother · What happens: break, give, pawn, have, use, consent · To what, where: consent, everything, money, heart, journey
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | With | with | ADP | _ | 3 heart | case |
| 2 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 heart | amod |
| 3 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 gave | obl |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 tears | cc |
| 5 | bitter | bitter | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tears | amod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 bitter | punct |
| 7 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 tears | amod |
| 8 | tears | tear | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 heart | conj |
| 9 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 gave | nsubj |
| 10 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 consent | nmod:poss |
| 12 | consent | consent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 gave | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 pawned | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 pawned | cc |
| 15 | pawned | pawn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 gave | conj |
| 16 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 17 everything | advmod |
| 17 | everything | everything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Tot | 15 pawned | obj |
| 18 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 had | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 everything | acl:relcl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 give | mark |
| 21 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 had | xcomp |
| 22 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 give | iobj |
| 23 | money | money | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 give | obj |
| 24 | to | to | PART | _ | 25 use | mark |
| 25 | use | use | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 money | acl |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 journey | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 journey | det |
| 28 | journey | journey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 use | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | break | gerund | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | give | past | mother | mother's consent | with breaking heart and bitter sad tears | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consent=Theme | |||
| 3 | pawn | past | mother not said here | everything | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Theme | ||||
| 4 | have | past | mother | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | give | to-infinitive | mother not said here | money | heart | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient money=Theme | |||
| 6 | use | to-infinitive | mother not said here | money not said here | the journey | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 7 | consent | mother | nom consent «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/18/54/