Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Story of Old China, part 2, sentence 83
As he talked his kindly manner warmed the heart of Mr. Kao, who had come to feel that all the world, even the gods, were against him, and little by little he told the story of his father’s life and their deadly enemy, the great Yen Sung.
Who acts: Yang, manner, heart · What happens: talk, warm, come, feel, be, tell · To what, where: heart, world, story · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Story of Old China, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yang, manner, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 3 talked | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 talked | nsubj |
| 3 | talked | talk | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 manner | nmod:poss |
| 5 | kindly | kindly | ADV | _ | 6 manner | advmod |
| 6 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 warmed | nsubj |
| 7 | warmed | warm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 talked | ccomp |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 heart | det |
| 9 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 warmed | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Kao | case |
| 11 | Mr. | Mr. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Kao | nmod:desc |
| 12 | Kao | Kao | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 heart | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 come | punct |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 come | nsubj |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 come | aux |
| 16 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 9 heart | acl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 feel | mark |
| 18 | feel | feel | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 come | xcomp |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 world | mark |
| 20 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 world | det:predet |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 world | det |
| 22 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 feel | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 gods | punct |
| 24 | even | even | ADV | _ | 26 gods | advmod |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 gods | det |
| 26 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 world | appos |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 him | punct |
| 28 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 him | cop |
| 29 | against | against | ADP | _ | 30 him | case |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 warmed | parataxis |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 told | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 told | cc |
| 33 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 told | advmod |
| 34 | by | by | ADP | _ | 35 little | case |
| 35 | little | little | ADV | Degree=Pos | 37 told | obl |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 told | nsubj |
| 37 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 talked | conj |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 story | det |
| 39 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 told | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 life | case |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 father | nmod:poss |
| 42 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 life | nmod:poss |
| 43 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 42 father | case |
| 44 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 story | nmod |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 enemy | cc |
| 46 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 enemy | nmod:poss |
| 47 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 enemy | amod |
| 48 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 life | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 Sung | punct |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 Sung | det |
| 51 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 Sung | amod |
| 52 | Yen | Yen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 Sung | compound |
| 53 | Sung | Sung | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 enemy | nmod |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 talked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | talk | past | Yang | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | warm | past | Yang's manner | the heart of Kao Mr. | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | ||||
| 3 | come | past · perfect | the heart of Kao Mr. | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | feel | to-infinitive | the heart of Kao Mr. not said here | all world | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent world=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | past | against Yang | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | tell speech: assert | past | Yang | the story of Yang's father's life and lives's deadly enemy the great Yen Sung | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/18/83/