Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Miss Russell’s Funeral Service, sentence 13
At early dawn the messenger came and, taking her by the hand, ascended the heavenly heights.
Who acts: messenger, hand · What happens: come, take, ascend · To what, where: messenger, heavenly heights
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Miss Russell’s Funeral Service. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (messenger, hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 dawn | case |
| 2 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 dawn | amod |
| 3 | dawn | dawn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 came | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 messenger | det |
| 5 | messenger | messenger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 came | nsubj |
| 6 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 taking | cc |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 taking | punct |
| 9 | taking | take | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 came | conj |
| 10 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 taking | obj |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 hand | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 hand | det |
| 13 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 taking | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 ascended | punct |
| 15 | ascended | ascend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 hand | acl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 heights | det |
| 17 | heavenly | heavenly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 heights | amod |
| 18 | heights | height | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 ascended | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the messenger | dawn | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | gerund | the messenger not said here | messenger | by the hand | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument she=Destination | |||
| 3 | ascend | participle | the hand not said here | the heavenly heights | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme height=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/5/13/