Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Miss Russell’s Funeral Service, sentence 14
“And there shall be no night there, and they need no candle, neither light of the sun, for the Lord God giveth them light, and they shall reign for ever and ever.”
Who acts: heights, Lord God · What happens: be, need, give, reign, light · To what, where: night, candle, heights, sun
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Miss Russell’s Funeral Service. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heights, Lord God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 night | punct |
| 2 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 be | cc |
| 3 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 5 be | expl |
| 4 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 be | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 7 night | cop |
| 6 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 night | det |
| 7 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 need | obl |
| 8 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 7 night | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 need | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 need | cc |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 need | nsubj |
| 12 | need | need | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 14 candle | det |
| 14 | candle | candle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 need | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 light | punct |
| 16 | neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 17 light | det |
| 17 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 candle | conj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 sun | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 sun | det |
| 20 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 light | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 giveth | punct |
| 22 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 26 giveth | mark |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 God | det |
| 24 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 God | compound |
| 25 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 giveth | nsubj |
| 26 | giveth | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 need | parataxis |
| 27 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 giveth | obj |
| 28 | light | light | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 giveth | xcomp |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 reign | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 reign | cc |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 reign | nsubj |
| 32 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 reign | aux |
| 33 | reign | reign | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 26 giveth | conj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 ever | case |
| 35 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 33 reign | obl |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 ever | cc |
| 37 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 35 ever | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 need | punct |
| 39 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 need | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a in a quote | infinitive | no night | there | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | need in a quote | present | heights = height | no candle and neither light of the sun | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot candle=Theme | ||||
| 3 | give in a quote | present | the Lord God | heights = height | light property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | |||
| 4 | reign in a quote | shall | heights = height | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | light in a quote | the sun | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/5/14/