Gleanings from Chinese folklore, Miss Russell’s Funeral Service, sentence 2
Many friends had roamed the hills and meadows, bringing a variety of flowers—wild pinks, fine everlastings peculiar to Pei Tai Ho, also a feathery foliage, and had massed them on piano and organ before the pulpit with beautiful effect.
Who acts: Many friends · What happens: roam, bring, mass · To what, where: hills, variety, piano
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Miss Russell’s Funeral Service. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Many friends), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 friends | amod |
| 2 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 roamed | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 roamed | aux |
| 4 | roamed | roam | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 hills | det |
| 6 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 roamed | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 meadows | cc |
| 8 | meadows | meadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 hills | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 bringing | punct |
| 10 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 roamed | advcl |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 variety | det |
| 12 | variety | variety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bringing | obj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 flowers | case |
| 14 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 variety | nmod |
| 15 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 pinks | punct |
| 16 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 pinks | amod |
| 17 | pinks | pink | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 roamed | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 peculiar | punct |
| 19 | fine | fine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 everlastings | amod |
| 20 | everlastings | everlasting | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 peculiar | compound |
| 21 | peculiar | peculiar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 pinks | conj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 Ho | case |
| 23 | Pei | Pei | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Ho | compound |
| 24 | Tai | Tai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 Pei | flat |
| 25 | Ho | Ho | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 pinks | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 foliage | punct |
| 27 | also | also | ADV | _ | 30 foliage | advmod |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 foliage | det |
| 29 | feathery | feathery | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 foliage | amod |
| 30 | foliage | foliage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 pinks | conj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 massed | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 massed | cc |
| 33 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 massed | aux |
| 34 | massed | mass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 roamed | conj |
| 35 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 massed | obj |
| 36 | on | on | ADP | _ | 37 piano | case |
| 37 | piano | piano | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 massed | obl |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 organ | cc |
| 39 | organ | organ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 piano | conj |
| 40 | before | before | ADP | _ | 42 pulpit | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 pulpit | det |
| 42 | pulpit | pulpit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 massed | obl |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 effect | case |
| 44 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 effect | amod |
| 45 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 pulpit | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 roamed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | roam | past · perfect | Many friends | the hills and meadows | wild pinks to Pei Ho and everlastings peculiar and a feathery foliage obl | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hill=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | bring | gerund | Many friends not said here | a variety of flowers | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent variety=Theme | ||||
| 3 | mass | past · perfect | Many friends not said here | hills = hill | piano and organ | before the pulpit with beautiful effect | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/5/2/