Gleanings from Chinese folklore, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow, sentence 17
By this time the goose had finished drinking, and looking up he said, “Don’t you know that in a big tree with many branches and large leaves the cicadas love to gather and make a noise?
Who acts: goose, you, cicadas · What happens: finish, look up, say, not do, know, leave · To what, where: goose, big tree, noise · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, The Wild Goose and the Sparrow. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (goose, you, cicadas), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | By | by | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 finished | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 goose | det |
| 5 | goose | goose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 finished | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 finished | aux |
| 7 | finished | finish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | drinking | drinking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 finished | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 said | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 said | cc |
| 11 | looking | look | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 said | advcl |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 looking | compound:prt |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 said | nsubj |
| 14 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 finished | conj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Do | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 Do | punct |
| 17 | Do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 said | ccomp |
| 18 | n’t | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 Do | advmod |
| 19 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 20 know | nsubj |
| 20 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 Do | parataxis |
| 21 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 leaves | mark |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 tree | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 tree | det |
| 24 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 tree | amod |
| 25 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 leaves | obl |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 28 branches | case |
| 27 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 branches | amod |
| 28 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 tree | nmod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 large | cc |
| 30 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 branches | conj |
| 31 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 love | advcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 cicadas | det |
| 33 | cicadas | cicada | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 love | nsubj |
| 34 | love | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 know | ccomp |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 gather | mark |
| 36 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 love | xcomp |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 make | cc |
| 38 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 gather | conj |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 noise | det |
| 40 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 make | obj |
| 41 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 finished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | finish | past · perfect · passive | the goose | time | drinking obj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | look up | gerund | goose not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | say speech: ask | past | goose | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 4 | not do in a quote | infinitive | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | know in a quote | present | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 6 | leave in a quote | present | the cicadas not said here | in a big tree with many branches result | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in tree=Result | ||||
| 7 | love in a quote | present | the cicadas | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 8 | gather not said to happen, in a quote | to-infinitive | the cicadas not said here | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 9 | make in a quote | infinitive | the cicadas not said here | a noise | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset noise=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/8/17/