Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 4
It was in those early days that were born China’s heroes who have been remembered ever since in song and story.
Who acts: little · What happens: be, bear, remember · To what, where: early days, heroes
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 days | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 days | cop |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 days | case |
| 4 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 6 days | det |
| 5 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 days | amod |
| 6 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 born | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 born | aux:pass |
| 9 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 days | acl:relcl |
| 10 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 heroes | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 10 China | case |
| 12 | heroes | hero | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 born | obl |
| 13 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 remembered | nsubj |
| 14 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 remembered | aux |
| 15 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 remembered | aux:pass |
| 16 | remembered | remember | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 heroes | acl:relcl |
| 17 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 16 remembered | advmod |
| 18 | since | since | ADP | _ | 20 song | case |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 song | case |
| 20 | song | song | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 remembered | obl |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 story | cc |
| 22 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 song | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 days | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | little | in that early days | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | bear | past · passive | that early days | China's heroes obl | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | remember | present · perfect · passive | China's heroes | since song and story; ever | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/4/