Gleanings from Chinese folklore, A Chinese Hero, sentence 94
So, before the battle was fought, Han Hsin had written, in honey, on a big stone slab near the ford, these four words, “Heaven Destroy Hsiang Yi.”
What happens: fight, write · To what, where: battle, Han, honey
This is a sentence of «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, A Chinese Hero. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 12 written | advmod |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 So | punct |
| 3 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 7 fought | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 battle | det |
| 5 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 fought | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 fought | aux:pass |
| 7 | fought | fight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 written | advcl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 fought | punct |
| 9 | Han | Han | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 written | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | Hsin | Hsin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Han | flat |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 written | aux |
| 12 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 honey | punct |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 honey | case |
| 15 | honey | honey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 written | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 slab | punct |
| 17 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 slab | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 slab | det |
| 19 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 slab | amod |
| 20 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 slab | compound |
| 21 | slab | slab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 written | parataxis |
| 22 | near | near | ADP | _ | 24 ford | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 ford | det |
| 24 | ford | ford | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 slab | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 words | punct |
| 26 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 28 words | det |
| 27 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 28 words | nummod |
| 28 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 slab | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Hsiang | punct |
| 30 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 33 Hsiang | punct |
| 31 | Heaven | Heaven | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Destroy | compound |
| 32 | Destroy | Destroy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Hsiang | compound |
| 33 | Hsiang | Hsiang | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 words | appos |
| 34 | Yi | Yi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Hsiang | flat |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 33 Hsiang | punct |
| 36 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 21 slab | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fight | past · passive | the battle | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent | |||||
| 2 | write | past · perfect · passive | Han | honey | a big stone slab near the ford and this four words parataxis | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in honey=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Gleanings from Chinese folklore» by Nellie Naomi Russell, Project Gutenberg book 75089 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75089/9/94/