Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of What Befell At Montalban, sentence 47
When the King perceived that he could not prevail in this way he bade his men cease from assaulting the castle, saying, "If I cannot take the hold of these villains by force I will take it by hunger."
Who acts: King, men · What happens: perceive, not prevail, bade, cease, assault, say · To what, where: way, castle, hold, villains · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of What Befell At Montalban. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 perceived | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 King | det |
| 3 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 perceived | nsubj |
| 4 | perceived | perceive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 prevail | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 prevail | nsubj |
| 7 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 prevail | aux |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 prevail | advmod |
| 9 | prevail | prevail | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 perceived | ccomp |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 way | case |
| 11 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 12 way | det |
| 12 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 prevail | obl |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 bade | nsubj |
| 14 | bade | bade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 way | acl:relcl |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 men | nmod:poss |
| 16 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 cease | nsubj |
| 17 | cease | cease | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 way | acl:relcl |
| 18 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 19 assaulting | mark |
| 19 | assaulting | assault | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 cease | advcl |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 castle | det |
| 21 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 assaulting | obj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 saying | punct |
| 23 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 assaulting | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 take | punct |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 take | punct |
| 26 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 30 take | mark |
| 27 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 30 take | nsubj |
| 28 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 take | aux |
| 29 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 30 take | advmod |
| 30 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 saying | ccomp |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 hold | det |
| 32 | hold | hold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 take | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 villains | case |
| 34 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 35 villains | det |
| 35 | villains | villain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 hold | nmod |
| 36 | by | by | ADP | _ | 37 force | case |
| 37 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 take | obl |
| 38 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 40 take | nsubj |
| 39 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 take | aux |
| 40 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 take | conj |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 take | obj |
| 42 | by | by | ADP | _ | 43 hunger | case |
| 43 | hunger | hunger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 take | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 perceived | punct |
| 45 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 perceived | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perceive | past | the King | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | not prevail | could | King | this way | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in way=Location | ||||
| 3 | bade | past | King | this way not said here | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | cease | present | King's men | this way not said here | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector way=Eventuality | ||||
| 5 | assault | gerund | King's men not said here | the castle | vn attack-60.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Patient | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert | gerund | King's men not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | not take a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | can | King's men = man | the hold of this villains | by force | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hold=Theme | |||
| 8 | take in a quote | future | King's men = man | hold | by hunger | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 9 | hold in a quote | this villains | nom hold «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/11/47/