Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Peace Was Made, sentence 71
These sons of Aymon are the best knights in all the world, and they have asked peace of you, not once only but many times, and you have hardened your heart against them."
Who acts: sons, you · What happens: be, ask, harden, pacify · To what, where: best knights, world, heart, you
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Peace Was Made. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sons, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | These | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 2 sons | det |
| 2 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 knights | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 Aymon | case |
| 4 | Aymon | Aymon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 sons | nmod |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 knights | cop |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 knights | det |
| 7 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 8 knights | amod |
| 8 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 world | case |
| 10 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 12 world | det:predet |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 world | det |
| 12 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 knights | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 peace | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 peace | cc |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 asked | nsubj |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 asked | aux |
| 17 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 peace | amod |
| 18 | peace | peace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 knights | conj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 you | case |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 18 peace | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 only | punct |
| 22 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 24 only | advmod |
| 23 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 24 only | advmod |
| 24 | only | only | ADV | _ | 27 times | advmod |
| 25 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 24 only | cc |
| 26 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 times | amod |
| 27 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 peace | obl:unmarked |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 hardened | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 hardened | cc |
| 30 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 hardened | nsubj |
| 31 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 hardened | aux |
| 32 | hardened | harden | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 8 knights | parataxis |
| 33 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 heart | nmod:poss |
| 34 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 hardened | obj |
| 35 | against | against | ADP | _ | 36 them | case |
| 36 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 heart | nmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 knights | punct |
| 38 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 knights | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | this sons of Aymon | the best knights and asked peace of you many times | all world | asked peace of you many times conj | tree rules | ||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | present · perfect | sons = son | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | harden | present · perfect | you | your heart | against sons = son | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heart=Patient | |||
| 4 | pacify | you | nom peace «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/12/71/