Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 34
A horrible place it was, in which were nourished serpents and toads and all manner of venomous beasts, and there was a most evil stench in it.
Who acts: horrible place · What happens: nourish, be · To what, where: nourished serpents, evil stench, light
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (horrible place), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 place | det |
| 2 | horrible | horrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 place | amod |
| 3 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 stench | nsubj |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 was | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 place | acl:relcl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 serpents | punct |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 which | case |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 serpents | nsubj |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 serpents | cop |
| 10 | nourished | nourish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 serpents | amod |
| 11 | serpents | serpent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 place | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 toads | cc |
| 13 | toads | toad | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 serpents | conj |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 manner | cc |
| 15 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 manner | det |
| 16 | manner | manner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 serpents | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 beasts | case |
| 18 | venomous | venomous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 beasts | amod |
| 19 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 manner | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 was | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 was | cc |
| 22 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 23 was | expl |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 stench | cop |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 stench | det |
| 25 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 26 evil | advmod |
| 26 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 stench | amod |
| 27 | stench | stench | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 29 it | case |
| 29 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 stench | nmod |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 stench | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nourish | participle | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | is a | past | a horrible place and nourished serpents and toads and all manner of venomous beasts | nourished serpents and toads and all manner of venomous beasts | toads conj; all manner of venomous beasts conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | is a | past | a horrible place and nourished serpents and toads and all manner of venomous beasts | a evil stench | light | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/19/34/