Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 38
And indeed they were all in great peril of drowning, and doubtless had so perished, but that there were in the dungeon two pillars, fifteen feet or thereabouts in height, upon which they climbed, lifting up Oliver also, for of his own strength he could not have done it.
Who acts: wounds, water · What happens: be, perish, climb, lift up, not do · To what, where: great peril, doubtless, height, two pillars, Oliver
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wounds, water), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 peril | cc |
| 2 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 8 peril | advmod |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 peril | nsubj |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 peril | cop |
| 5 | all | all | ADV | _ | 8 peril | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 peril | case |
| 7 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 peril | amod |
| 8 | peril | peril | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 drowning | case |
| 10 | drowning | drowning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 peril | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 perished | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 perished | cc |
| 13 | doubtless | doubtless | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 perished | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 perished | aux |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 perished | advmod |
| 16 | perished | perish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 peril | parataxis |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 pillars | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 pillars | cc |
| 19 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 21 were | mark |
| 20 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 21 were | expl |
| 21 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 pillars | cop |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 dungeon | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 dungeon | det |
| 24 | dungeon | dungeon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 were | obl |
| 25 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 26 pillars | nummod |
| 26 | pillars | pillar | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 perished | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 feet | punct |
| 28 | fifteen | fifteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 29 feet | nummod |
| 29 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 pillars | conj |
| 30 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 31 thereabouts | cc |
| 31 | thereabouts | thereabout | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 pillars | conj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 height | case |
| 33 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 perished | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 climbed | punct |
| 35 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 36 which | case |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 38 climbed | obl |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 climbed | nsubj |
| 38 | climbed | climb | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 perished | parataxis |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 lifting | punct |
| 40 | lifting | lift | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 climbed | advcl |
| 41 | up | up | ADP | _ | 40 lifting | compound:prt |
| 42 | Oliver | Oliver | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 lifting | obj |
| 43 | also | also | ADV | _ | 40 lifting | advmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 strength | punct |
| 45 | for | for | ADP | _ | 49 strength | case |
| 46 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 for | fixed |
| 47 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 strength | nmod:poss |
| 48 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 strength | amod |
| 49 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 climbed | obl |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 done | nsubj |
| 51 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 54 done | aux |
| 52 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 54 done | advmod |
| 53 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 54 done | aux |
| 54 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 49 strength | acl:relcl |
| 55 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 done | obj |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 peril | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | wounds = wound | great peril | of drowning; all, indeed property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | perish | past · perfect · passive | doubtless | height | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | two pillars and fifteen feet or thereabouts | fifteen feet conj; thereabouts conj | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | climb | past | wounds = wound | for water's own strength; which obl | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon which=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | lift up | gerund | wounds = wound not said here | Oliver | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oliver=Theme | ||||
| 6 | not do | could · perfect | water | doubtless | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/19/38/