Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared, sentence 55
Madam," said he, "they are French knights, servants of King Charles, and they have wrought great harm to our people, and done dishonour to our gods.
Who acts: Madam, hall, maidens · What happens: say, be, have, do · To what, where: French knights, wrought great harm, dishonour · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How Oliver and His Comrades Fared. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Madam, hall, maidens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Madam | madam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Madam | punct |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 1 Madam | punct |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 knights | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 knights | punct |
| 7 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 knights | punct |
| 8 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 knights | nsubj |
| 9 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 knights | cop |
| 10 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 knights | amod |
| 11 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 said | ccomp |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 servants | punct |
| 13 | servants | servant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 knights | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 Charles | case |
| 15 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 Charles | nmod:desc |
| 16 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 servants | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 have | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 have | cc |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 have | nsubj |
| 20 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | ccomp |
| 21 | wrought | wrought | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 harm | amod |
| 22 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 harm | amod |
| 23 | harm | harm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 have | obj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 people | case |
| 25 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 people | nmod:poss |
| 26 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 harm | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 done | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 done | cc |
| 29 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 have | conj |
| 30 | dishonour | dishonour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 done | obj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 gods | case |
| 32 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 gods | nmod:poss |
| 33 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 done | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Madam | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | is a | present | hall | French knights and servants of Charles King | maidens = maiden nsubj; servants of Charles King conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | have | present | maidens = maiden | wrought great harm | to our people | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harm=Patient | |||
| 4 | do | participle | maidens = maiden not said here | dishonour | to our gods | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dishonour=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/19/55/