Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Bridge of Mantryble, sentence 93
This Gallafer the Porter believed, so boldly did the Duke speak, and he let them pass by the drawbridge.
Who acts: Gallafer, porter, shields · What happens: believe, do, let, pass · To what, where: Duke speak, shields
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Bridge of Mantryble. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gallafer, porter, shields), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 Gallafer | det |
| 2 | Gallafer | Gallafer | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 believed | nsubj |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Porter | det |
| 4 | Porter | Porter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 believed | nsubj |
| 5 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 did | punct |
| 7 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 did | advmod |
| 8 | boldly | boldly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 did | advmod |
| 9 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 believed | ccomp |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 speak | det |
| 11 | Duke | Duke | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 speak | compound |
| 12 | speak | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 did | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 let | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 let | cc |
| 15 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 let | nsubj |
| 16 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 believed | conj |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 let | obj |
| 18 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 let | xcomp |
| 19 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 drawbridge | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 drawbridge | det |
| 21 | drawbridge | drawbridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 pass | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 believed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | past | this Gallafer | the Porter nsubj | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | do | past | the Duke speak | boldly property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent speak=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | let | past | porter | shields = shield | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | pass | infinitive | shields = shield not said here | by the drawbridge | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by drawbridge=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/20/93/