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Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Bridge of Mantryble, sentence 94

Then Roland laughed out, and said, "Sir Duke, you have indeed kept your word;" and when they had gone a little further Roland espied a Turk that was coming across the bridge, and without ado he lighted down from his beast, took the Turk by the middle, and threw him over the wall of the bridge into the river.

Who acts: Roland, words, that, your · What happens: laugh out, say, keep, go, espy, come · To what, where: you, little, Turk, bridge, beast, Roland · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Bridge of Mantryble. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, words, that, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

advmodnsubjcompound:prtpunctccconjpunctpunctnmod:descccomppunctnsubj:passauxadvmodccompnmod:possobjpunctpunctccadvmodnsubjauxconjdetobl:unmarkedadvmodnsubjadvcldetobjnsubjauxapposcasedetoblpunctcccaseoblnsubjconjcompound:prtcasenmod:possoblpunctconjdetobjcasedetoblpunctccconjobjcasedetoblcasedetnmodcasedetoblpunctrootThenADVRolandPROPNlaughedVERBoutADP,PUNCTandCCONJsaidVERB,PUNCT"PUNCTSirPROPNDukePROPN,PUNCTyouPRONhaveAUXindeedADVkeptVERByourPRONwordNOUN;PUNCT"PUNCTandCCONJwhenADVtheyPRONhadAUXgoneVERBaDETlittleADJfurtherADVRolandPROPNespiedVERBaDETTurkNOUNthatPRONwasAUXcomingVERBacrossADPtheDETbridgeNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJwithoutADPadoNOUNhePRONlightedVERBdownADPfromADPhisPRONbeastNOUN,PUNCTtookVERBtheDETTurkPROPNbyADPtheDETmiddleNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJthrewVERBhimPRONoverADPtheDETwallNOUNofADPtheDETbridgeNOUNintoADPtheDETriverNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ThenthenADVPronType=Dem3 laughedadvmod
2RolandRolandPROPNNumber=Sing3 laughednsubj
3laughedlaughVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Finrootroot
4outoutADP_3 laughedcompound:prt
5,,PUNCT_7 saidpunct
6andandCCONJ_7 saidcc
7saidsayVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 laughedconj
8,,PUNCT_11 Dukepunct
9""PUNCT_11 Dukepunct
10SirSirPROPNNumber=Sing11 Dukenmod:desc
11DukeDukePROPNNumber=Sing7 saidccomp
12,,PUNCT_16 keptpunct
13youyouPRONCase=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs16 keptnsubj:pass
14havehaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin16 keptaux
15indeedindeedADV_16 keptadvmod
16keptkeepVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass7 saidccomp
17youryourPRONCase=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs18 wordnmod:poss
18wordwordNOUNNumber=Sing16 keptobj
19;;PUNCT_3 laughedpunct
20""PUNCT_3 laughedpunct
21andandCCONJ_25 gonecc
22whenwhenADVPronType=Int25 goneadvmod
23theytheyPRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs25 gonensubj
24hadhaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin25 goneaux
25gonegoVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part3 laughedconj
26aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art27 littledet
27littlelittleADJDegree=Pos25 goneobl:unmarked
28furtherfarADVDegree=Cmp30 espiedadvmod
29RolandRolandPROPNNumber=Sing30 espiednsubj
30espiedespyVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin25 goneadvcl
31aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art32 Turkdet
32TurkturkNOUNNumber=Sing30 espiedobj
33thatthatPRONPronType=Rel35 comingnsubj
34wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin35 comingaux
35comingcomeVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part32 Turkappos
36acrossacrossADP_38 bridgecase
37thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art38 bridgedet
38bridgebridgeNOUNNumber=Sing35 comingobl
39,,PUNCT_44 lightedpunct
40andandCCONJ_44 lightedcc
41withoutwithoutADP_42 adocase
42adoadoNOUNNumber=Sing44 lightedobl
43hehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs44 lightednsubj
44lightedlightVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 laughedconj
45downdownADP_44 lightedcompound:prt
46fromfromADP_48 beastcase
47hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs48 beastnmod:poss
48beastbeastNOUNNumber=Sing44 lightedobl
49,,PUNCT_50 tookpunct
50tooktakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 laughedconj
51thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art52 Turkdet
52TurkTurkPROPNNumber=Sing50 tookobj
53bybyADP_55 middlecase
54thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art55 middledet
55middlemiddleNOUNNumber=Sing50 tookobl
56,,PUNCT_58 threwpunct
57andandCCONJ_58 threwcc
58threwthrowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin3 laughedconj
59himhePRONCase=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs58 threwobj
60overoverADP_62 wallcase
61thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art62 walldet
62wallwallNOUNNumber=Sing58 threwobl
63ofofADP_65 bridgecase
64thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art65 bridgedet
65bridgebridgeNOUNNumber=Sing62 wallnmod
66intointoADP_68 rivercase
67thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art68 riverdet
68riverriverNOUNNumber=Sing58 threwobl
69..PUNCT_3 laughedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1laugh outpastRolandthenvn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2say speech: assertpastRoland not said hereDuke Sir ccompvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3keep in a quotepresent · perfect · passiveyouyour word obj; indeed propertyvn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme word=Attribute
4gopast · perfectwords = worda littlevn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5espypastRolanda Turkfar propertyvn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer turk=Stimulus
6comepast · progressivethatthe bridgevn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme across bridge=Initial_Location
7light downpastRolandRoland's beastwithout adovn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent from beast=Material
8takepastRoland not said herethe Turkby the middlevn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument turk=Destination
9throwpastRoland not said hereRolandthe wall of the bridgeinto the river resultvn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer he=Theme into river=Result
10word in a quoteyournom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/20/94/