Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of the Doings of Floripas, sentence 1
In due course the French knights came to the town of Aygremore, and having entered by the gate, came, a Saracen guiding them, to where the Admiral sat in the shade of a tree.
Who acts: French knights, Saracen, Admiral · What happens: come, enter, guide, sit, shade · To what, where: due course, knights, shade, tree
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of the Doings of Floripas. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (French knights, Saracen, Admiral), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 course | case |
| 2 | due | due | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 course | amod |
| 3 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | obl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 knights | det |
| 5 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 knights | amod |
| 6 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 came | nsubj |
| 7 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 town | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 town | det |
| 10 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 came | obl |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 Aygremore | case |
| 12 | Aygremore | Aygremore | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 town | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 entered | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 entered | cc |
| 15 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 entered | aux |
| 16 | entered | enter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 7 came | conj |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 gate | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 gate | det |
| 19 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 entered | obl |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 came | punct |
| 21 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 came | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 guiding | punct |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 Saracen | det |
| 24 | Saracen | Saracen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 guiding | nsubj |
| 25 | guiding | guide | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 came | advcl |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 guiding | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 sat | punct |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 where | case |
| 29 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 32 sat | advmod |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 Admiral | det |
| 31 | Admiral | admiral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sat | nsubj |
| 32 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 came | conj |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 shade | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 shade | det |
| 35 | shade | shade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 sat | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 tree | case |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 tree | det |
| 38 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 shade | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | the French knights | due course | to the town of Aygremore | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to town=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | enter | gerund · perfect | the French knights not said here | by the gate | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | come | past | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | guide | gerund | a Saracen | knights = knight | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme | ||||
| 5 | sit | past | the Admiral | the shade of a tree | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location | ||||
| 6 | shade | a tree | nom shade «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/21/1/