Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 15
At last Richard of Normandy spake thus: "My lords, you know that I am nobly born, and that I have a son of full age to bear arms, and fit to stand in my place.
Who acts: you, Duke Naymes · What happens: know, bear, have, fit, stand · To what, where: last Richard, Duke Naymes, son, arms, place · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, Duke Naymes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 Richard | case |
| 2 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Richard | amod |
| 3 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 know | obl |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 spake | case |
| 5 | Normandy | Normandy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 spake | compound |
| 6 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 Richard | nmod |
| 7 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 6 spake | advmod |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 lords | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 lords | punct |
| 10 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 lords | nmod:poss |
| 11 | lords | lord | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 Richard | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 Richard | punct |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 know | nsubj |
| 14 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 15 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 born | mark |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 born | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 born | aux:pass |
| 18 | nobly | nobly | ADV | _ | 19 born | advmod |
| 19 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 know | ccomp |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 have | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 have | cc |
| 22 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 have | mark |
| 23 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 24 have | nsubj |
| 24 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 know | conj |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 son | det |
| 26 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 have | obj |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 age | case |
| 28 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 age | amod |
| 29 | age | age | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 son | nmod |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 bear | mark |
| 31 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 have | advcl |
| 32 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 bear | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 fit | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 fit | cc |
| 35 | fit | fit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 know | conj |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 stand | mark |
| 37 | stand | stand | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 fit | xcomp |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 place | case |
| 39 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 place | nmod:poss |
| 40 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 stand | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know in a quote | present | you | last Richard of Normandy spake and My lords | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | bear in a quote | present · passive | the Duke Naymes = naymes | nobly property | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | present | the Duke Naymes = naymes | a son of full age | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient | ||||
| 4 | bear in a quote | to-infinitive | the Duke Naymes = naymes not said here | arms | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient | ||||
| 5 | fit in a quote | present | you not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | stand in a quote | to-infinitive | you not said here | my place | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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