Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, Of Richard of Normandy, sentence 18
Roland said to him, "Sir Richard, promise now that you will not tarry in any place till you come to the King, saving if you should be hurt or taken prisoner."
Who acts: Roland, King · What happens: say, promise, not tarry, come, save, hurt · To what, where: Sir Richard, King, place, prisoner · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Of Richard of Normandy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Roland, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 said | nsubj |
| 2 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 him | case |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 said | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Richard | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 Richard | punct |
| 7 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Richard | compound |
| 8 | Richard | Richard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 said | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 promise | punct |
| 10 | promise | promise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 said | ccomp |
| 11 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 promise | advmod |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 tarry | mark |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 16 tarry | nsubj |
| 14 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 tarry | aux |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 tarry | advmod |
| 16 | tarry | tarry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 promise | ccomp |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 place | case |
| 18 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 place | det |
| 19 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 tarry | obl |
| 20 | till | till | SCONJ | _ | 22 come | mark |
| 21 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 22 come | nsubj |
| 22 | come | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 tarry | advcl |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 King | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 King | det |
| 25 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 come | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 saving | punct |
| 27 | saving | save | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 tarry | advcl |
| 28 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 32 hurt | mark |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 32 hurt | nsubj |
| 30 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 hurt | aux |
| 31 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 32 hurt | aux:pass |
| 32 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 27 saving | ccomp |
| 33 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 34 taken | cc |
| 34 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 hurt | conj |
| 35 | prisoner | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 taken | xcomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 promise | punct |
| 37 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 promise | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | Roland | Sir Richard | King | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | promise speech: promise in a quote | present | now | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | not tarry in a quote | future | King | any place | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location | ||||
| 4 | come in a quote | present | King | to the King | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to king=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | save in a quote | gerund | King not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | hurt a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | should · passive | King | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 7 | take in a quote | participle | prisoner | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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