Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won, sentence 2
But when the knights saw the River Flagot, how swiftly it ran and with how great a roaring, and the bridge how perilous it was to pass, and the gates how they were barred with iron, they were not a little troubled.
Who acts: knights, Flagot, bridge, gates · What happens: see, run, be, bar, not be · To what, where: River Flagot, gates
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, How the Bridge Mantryble Was Won. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knights, Flagot, bridge, gates), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 13 ran | cc |
| 2 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 5 saw | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 knights | det |
| 4 | knights | knight | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 saw | nsubj |
| 5 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 ran | advcl |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Flagot | det |
| 7 | River | River | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Flagot | compound |
| 8 | Flagot | Flagot | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 saw | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 saw | punct |
| 10 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 11 swiftly | advmod |
| 11 | swiftly | swiftly | ADV | _ | 13 ran | advmod |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 ran | nsubj |
| 13 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 roaring | cc |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 19 roaring | case |
| 16 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 17 great | advmod |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 roaring | amod |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 roaring | det |
| 19 | roaring | roaring | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 ran | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 perilous | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 perilous | cc |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 bridge | det |
| 23 | bridge | bridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 perilous | nsubj |
| 24 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 perilous | advmod |
| 25 | perilous | perilous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 ran | parataxis |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 pass | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 pass | cop |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 pass | mark |
| 29 | pass | pass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 perilous | parataxis |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 barred | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 barred | cc |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 gates | det |
| 33 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 barred | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 37 barred | advmod |
| 35 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 barred | nsubj |
| 36 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 barred | aux:pass |
| 37 | barred | bar | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 ran | conj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 iron | case |
| 39 | iron | iron | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 barred | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 troubled | punct |
| 41 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 troubled | nsubj |
| 42 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 troubled | cop |
| 43 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 46 troubled | advmod |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 little | det |
| 45 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 troubled | obl:unmarked |
| 46 | troubled | troubled | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 ran | parataxis |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 ran | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | the knights | the River Flagot | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer flagot=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | run | past | Flagot | a great roaring conj; swiftly property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is | past | bridge | pass property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | bar | past · passive | the gates | with iron | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 5 | not is | past | gates = gate | a little obl:unmarked; troubled property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/25/2/