Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Treason of Ganelon, sentence 116
Then they brought to the King a great book in which was written the law of Mahomet, and the King made a great oath upon it, that if by any means it could be so ordered, Roland should die and the Twelve Peers with him. "
Who acts: peace, King, it, Roland · What happens: bring, write, make, mean, be, die · To what, where: great book, King, law, great oath
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Treason of Ganelon. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (peace, King, it, Roland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 brought | advmod |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 brought | nsubj |
| 3 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 King | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 King | det |
| 6 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 brought | obl |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 book | det |
| 8 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 book | amod |
| 9 | book | book | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 brought | obj |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 which | case |
| 11 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 written | obl |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 written | aux:pass |
| 13 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 book | acl:relcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 law | det |
| 15 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 written | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Mahomet | case |
| 17 | Mahomet | Mahomet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 law | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 made | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 made | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 King | det |
| 21 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 made | nsubj |
| 22 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 brought | conj |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 oath | det |
| 24 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 oath | amod |
| 25 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 made | obj |
| 26 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 27 it | case |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 made | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 means | punct |
| 29 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 33 means | mark |
| 30 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 33 means | mark |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 any | case |
| 32 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 33 means | obl |
| 33 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 made | parataxis |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 ordered | nsubj |
| 35 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 ordered | aux |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 ordered | cop |
| 37 | so | so | ADV | _ | 38 ordered | advmod |
| 38 | ordered | ordered | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 means | ccomp |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 die | punct |
| 40 | Roland | Roland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 die | nsubj |
| 41 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 die | aux |
| 42 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 38 ordered | csubj |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 Peers | cc |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Peers | det |
| 45 | Twelve | Twelve | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 Peers | compound |
| 46 | Peers | Peer | PROPN | Number=Plur | 42 die | conj |
| 47 | with | with | ADP | _ | 48 him | case |
| 48 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 die | obl |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 brought | punct |
| 50 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past | peace | a great book | the King | then | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent book=Theme to king=Destination | ||
| 2 | write | past · passive | the law of Mahomet | a great book | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: law=Theme in which=Destination | ||||
| 3 | make | past | the King | a great oath | upon oath | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oath=Product | |||
| 4 | mean a condition, not said to happen | present | by any | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is | could | it | ordered property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | die | should | Roland | with King; the Twelve Peers conj | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/28/116/