Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France, The Slaying of Lothair, sentence 7
King Charles stood up, and said, "Brethren and friends, you know that by your help I have conquered many lands, and brought many pagans to confess the Christian faith.
Who acts: Charles, Brethren, you, your · What happens: stand up, say, know, conquer, bring, confess · To what, where: many lands, many pagans, Christian faith · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, The Slaying of Lothair. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Charles, Brethren, you, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Charles | nmod:desc |
| 2 | Charles | Charles | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | nsubj |
| 3 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 stood | compound:prt |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 said | cc |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stood | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 Brethren | punct |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 Brethren | punct |
| 10 | Brethren | Brethren | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 said | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 friends | cc |
| 12 | friends | friend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 Brethren | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 know | punct |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 15 know | nsubj |
| 15 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 stood | parataxis |
| 16 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 22 conquered | mark |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 help | case |
| 18 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 help | nmod:poss |
| 19 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 conquered | obl |
| 20 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 conquered | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 conquered | aux |
| 22 | conquered | conquer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 know | ccomp |
| 23 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 lands | amod |
| 24 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 conquered | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 brought | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 brought | cc |
| 27 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 stood | conj |
| 28 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 pagans | amod |
| 29 | pagans | pagan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 brought | obj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 confess | mark |
| 31 | confess | confess | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 brought | advcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 faith | det |
| 33 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 faith | amod |
| 34 | faith | faith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 confess | obj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand up | past | Charles King | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | Brethren and friends | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | know in a quote | present | you | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 4 | conquer in a quote | present · perfect | Brethren and friends = brethren | many lands | by your help | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent land=Patient | |||
| 5 | bring in a quote | past | Charles King not said here | many pagans | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent pagan=Theme | ||||
| 6 | confess in a quote | to-infinitive | Charles King not said here | the Christian faith | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent faith=Topic | ||||
| 7 | help in a quote | your | nom help «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Stories of Charlemagne and the twelve Peers of France» by Alfred John Church, Project Gutenberg book 75339 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg75339/3/7/